Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1244833
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Versorgung von Patienten mit obstruktiver Schlafapnoe in kardiologischen Praxen und Kliniken
Management of sleep-related abnormal breathing by cardiologists and hospital departments of cardiologyPublication History
eingereicht: 11.8.2009
akzeptiert: 22.10.2009
Publication Date:
26 January 2010 (online)

Zusamenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Die Prävalenz schlafbezogener Atmungsstörungen in der Gesamtbevölkerung ist hoch. Ein wichtiger Prädiktor dafür sind neben dem Hauptsymptom der exzessiven Tagesschläfrigkeit vorhandene Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen wie arterieller Hypertonus, Herzinsuffizienz, Herzrhythmusstörungen und Schlaganfall. Sind es die Kardiologen, die diese Patienten auch erkennen und der weiterführenden Diagnostik und Therapie zuführen?
Methoden: Wir führten eine Erhebung bei niedergelassenen Kardiologen sowie in kardiologischen Kliniken und Rehabilitationseinrichtungen in Deutschland durch, um das Wissen über die Schlafapnoe sowie das praktische, diagnostische und therapeutische Vorgehen bei Patienten mit Verdacht auf eine obstruktive Schlafapnoe zu erfragen. Alle Rehakliniken und jede zweite im medführer® aufgeführte Praxis bzw. Klinik wurde kontaktiert.
Ergebnisse: 98 % der 388 niedergelassenen Kardiologen wissen um die Schlafapnoe. 94,3 % fragen gezielt nach einer schlafmedizinischen Erkrankung und speziell nach Tagesschläfrigkeit. Mehr als die Hälfte (59,5 %) der Kardiologen stellt aufgrund der Anamnese eine Verdachtsdiagnose aber nur 32,7 % halten selbst das ambulante Schlafapnoe-Monitoring vor. Die meisten Patienten werden in ein Schlaflabor überwiesen. In 60 % der kardiologischen Kliniken wird eine Polygraphie durchgeführt. Die weitergehende Diagnostik erfolgt in einem kooperierenden Schlaflabor (zu 66,4 %), da nur 22,4 % selbst ein Schlaflabor haben. Schwerpunkt ist die Diagnostik zentraler und obstruktiver Atmungsstörungen. Mehr als zwei Drittel der Kliniken führen auch nächtliche Beatmungstherapien durch.
Folgerung: Das Wissen um die Schlafapnoe ist bei niedergelassenen und klinisch tätigen Kardiologen vorhanden. Die Anwendung des ambulanten Monitoring innerhalb der Stufendiagnostik der obstruktiven Schlafapnoe und die stationäre schlafmedizinische Versorgung in kardiologischen Einrichtungen sollte verbessert werden.
Abstract
Background and objectives: In the general population there is a high prevalence of sleep-related disorders of breathing (sleep apnea). In addition to being leading symptom of excessive day-time sleepiness they are also important predictors are cardiovascular disease such as arterial hypertension, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias and stroke. Are the cardiologists the specialists who recognize such patients and refer them to diagnostic procedures and treatment?
Methods: We sent out a questionnaires to cardiologists in private practice, to hospitals with cardiology departments and to cardiology rehabilitation units in Germany in order to assess the knowledge about sleep apnea and of the current diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in patients with suspected sleep apnea. All cardiology rehabilitation units and every other practice and cardiology department listed in the reference book ’Medführer’ were approached.
Results: 98 % of 388 cardiologists with private practice were found to know about the disorder sleep apnea. 94.3 % routinely asked their patients about any sleep disorder and specifically about excessive day-time sleepiness. More than half of the cardiologists (59.3 %) questioned patients about possible sleep apnea as part of their interview, but only 32.7 % carried out tests with a portable sleep apnea monitor. Most patients were referred to a sleep center. In 60 % of the cardiology departments a portable sleep apnea monitor was used. Further diagnostic investigation followed in collaborating sleep centers (66.4 %), because only 22.4 % of the departments had a sleep laboratories. The main focus was on the diagnosis of abnormal slepp due to central or obstructive disorders of breathing. More than two thirds of the cardiology departments initiate nocturnal ventilation treatment.
Conclusion: Cardiologists in private practice and cardiologists in hospital departments know about sleep-related abnormal breathing. The use of portable sleep apnea monitors and of polysomnography in special as parts of sleep centers within cardiology departments should be improved.
Schlüsselwörter
Schlafmedizin - Versorgung - Schlafapnoe
Keywords
sleep apnea - sleep monitoring - sleep-related abnormal breathing
Literatur
- 1
Bradley T D, Floras J S.
Obstructive
sleep apnoea and its cardiovascular consequences.
Lancet.
2009;
373
82-93
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 2 BUB-Richtlinien: Richtlinien
zur Bewertung medizinischer Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden
gemäß § 135 Absatz 1 des Fünften
Buches Sozialgesetzbuch (SGB V) (BUB-Richtlinien) in Anlage A „Anerkannte
Untersuchungs- und Behandlungsmethoden” BAnz. Nr. 213 (S.
22 699) vom 10. November 2004.
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 3
de Chazal P, Penzel T, Heneghan C.
Automated detection of obstructive sleep apnoea at different
time scales using the electrocardiogram.
Physiol Meas.
2004;
25
967-983
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 4 Deutschen Hochdruckliga e. V.-Leitlinie,
Behandlung der arteriellen Hypertonie. AWMF online 2008
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 5 DGSM-Leitlinie, Nicht erholsamer
Schlaf. Somnologie 2009 Suppl. 1
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 6 Erbel R, Körfer R, Nowak B, Paul T. medführer® Herz/Gefäße.
5. Auflage. Deutschland. 2008
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 7
Fietze I, Penzel T, Alonderis A, Barbe F, Bonsignore M, Calverly P. et al .
Management
of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Europe.
Eur Resp J.
2009, in press;
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 8
Giles T L, Lasserson T J, Smith B H, White J, Wright J, Cates C J.
Continuous positive
airways pressure for obstructive sleep apnoea in adults.
Cochrane
Database Syst Rev.
2006;
3
, CD001106
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 9
Golbin J M, Somers V K, Caples S M.
Obstructive sleep apnea, cardiovascular
disease, and pulmonary hypertension.
Proc Am Thorac Soc.
2008;
5
200-206
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 10
Johns M W.
A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness
scale.
Sleep.
1991;
14
540-545
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 11
Klein S, Burke L E, Bray G A. et al .
American Heart Association Council on Nutrition,
Physical Activity, and Metabolism. Clinical implications of obesity
with specific focus on cardiovascular disease: a statement for professionals
from the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical
Activity, and Metabolism: endorsed by the American College of Cardiology
Foundation.
Circulation.
2004;
110
2952-2967
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 12
Kushida C A, Littner M R, Hirshkowitz M. et al .
American Academy of Sleep
Medicine. Practice parameters for the use of continuous and bilevel
positive airway pressure devices to treat adult patients with sleep-related
breathing disorders.
Sleep.
2006;
29
375-80
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 13
Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A. et al .
The task force for the management of arterial
hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension, The task force
for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society
of Cardiology. Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension:
The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the
European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society
of Cardiology (ESC).
Eur Heart J.
2007;
28
1462-1536
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 14
Marin J M, Carrizo S J, Vicente E, Agusti A G.
Long-term cardiovascular outcomes
in men with obstructive sleep apnoea-hypopnoea with or without treatment
with continuous positive airway pressure: an observational study.
Lancet.
2005;
365
1046-1053
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 15
McNicholas W T.
Cardiovascular outcomes of CPAP therapy in obstructive sleep
apnea syndrome.
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol.
2007;
293
R1666-1670
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 16
McNicholas W T.
Diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea in adults.
Proc Am
Thorac Soc.
2008;
5
154-160
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 17
Mo L, He Q Y.
[Effect of
long-term continuous positive airway pressure ventilation on blood
pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome:
a meta-analysis of clinical trials].
Zhonghua
Yi Xue Za Zhi.
2007;
87
1177-1180
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 18
Montserrat J M, Garcia-Rio F, Barbe F.
Diagnostic and therapeutic approach to nonsleepy apnea.
Am
J Respir Crit Care Med.
2007;
176
6-9
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 19
Mueller A, Fietze I, Voelker R. et al .
Screening for sleep-related breathing disorders
by transthoracic impedance recording integrated into a Holter ECG
system.
Sleep Res.
2006;
15
455-462
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 20
Netzer N C, Stoohs R A, Netzer C M, Clark K, Strohl K P.
The Berlin Questionnaire to identify patients
at risk for the sleep apnea syndrome.
Ann Intern Med.
1999;
131
485-491
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 21
Penzel T, Fricke R, Jerrentrup A. et al .
Peripheral arterial tonometry for the diagnosis
of obstructive sleep apnea.
Biomed Tech (Berl).
2002;
47 Suppl 1 Pt 1
315-317
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 22
Penzel T, McNames J, Murray A. et al .
Systematic comparison of different algorithms
for apnoea detection based on electrocardiogram recordings.
Med
Biol Eng Comput.
2002;
40
402-407
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 23
Peppard P E, Young T, Palta M, Dempsey J, Skatrud J.
Longitudinal study of moderate weight change and sleep-disordered
breathing.
JAMA.
2000;
284
3015-3021
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 24
Peter J H, Becker H, Cassel W. et al .
Diagnostik der Schlafapnoe: Apparative
Vorraussetzungen zur Stufendiagnostik.
Pneumologie.
1989;
43 Suppl 1
587-90
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 25
Pitson D J, Sandell A, van den Hout R, Stradling J R.
Use of pulse
transit time as a measure of inspiratory effort in patients with
obstructive sleep apnoea.
Eur Respir J.
1995;
8
1669-1674
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 26
Podszus T, Seevers H, Mayer G, Baumann G.
Schlafmedizin in der
Kardiologie.
Der Kardiologe.
2008;
2
407-416
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 27
Punjabi N M.
The epidemiology of adult obstructive sleep apnea.
Proc Am
Thorac Soc.
2008;
5
136-143
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 28
Siegrist J, Peter J, Himmelmann J, Geyer S.
Erfahrungen mit einem Anamnesebogen
zur Diagnostik der Schlafapnoe.
Prax Klin Pneumol.
1987;
41
357-363
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 29
Somers V K, White D P, Amin R. et al .
Sleep apnea and cardiovascular disease:
an American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology
Foundation Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association
Council for High Blood Pressure Research Professional Education
Committee, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Stroke Council, and Council
on Cardiovascular Nursing.
J Am Coll Cardiol.
2008;
52
686-717
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 30
Young T, Evans L, Finn L, Palta M.
Estimation of the clinically diagnosed proportion
of sleep apnea syndrome in middle-aged men and women.
Sleep.
1997;
20
705-706
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
- 31
Young T, Finn L, Peppard P E. et al .
Sleep disordered breathing and mortality:
eighteen-year follow-up of the Wisconsin sleep cohort.
Sleep.
2008;
31
1071-1078
Reference Ris Wihthout Link
Prof. Dr. Thomas Penzel
Interdisziplinäres Schlafmedizinisches
Zentrum, Klinik für Kardiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Charitéplatz 1
10117 Berlin
Phone: 030/450513160
Fax: 030/450513906
Email: thomas.penzel@charite.de