Tumorzellnachweis in Knochenmark, peripherem Blut und Leukaphereseprodukten bei Patientinnen mit Mammakarzinom

Das Mammakarzinom ist der häufigste Tumor der Frau. In Deutschland erkrankt jede 15. Frau im Laufe ihres Lebens an diesem Krebsleiden ([36]). Wie bei den meisten Krebsarten wird auch beim Mammakarzinom das Schicksal der Patientin nicht von dem Lokalbefund in der Brust, sondern von metastasierten Tumorzellen in anderen Organen bestimmt. Die Anamnese, der Tastbefund, die Sonographie, die Szintigraphie, die Computertomographie, die Magnetresonanztomographie, die Galaktographie und die Pneumozystographie stellten die klinischen Verfahren zur Diagnostik der Metastasierung des Mammakarzinoms dar ([42]). Diese konventionellen diagnostischen Verfahren weisen jedoch nur manifeste Metastasen nach und sind daher zum frühen Nachweis von disseminierten malignen Zellen nicht geeignet (Tab. 1).

Mit dem Einsatz spezifischer monoklonaler Antikörper und molekularbiologischer Techniken ergibt sich mittlerweile die Möglichkeit, einzelne maligne Zellen im Blut und Knochenmark nachzuweisen ([10],[ 37]).

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