Pulmonal arterielle Hypertonie

Schlüsselwörter

pulmonale Hypertonie - pulmonal arterielle Hypertonie - Endothelin-Rezeptor-Antagonisten - Prostanoide - Phosphodiesterase 5-Inhibitoren

Key words

pulmonary hypertension - pulmonary arterial hypertension - endothelin receptor antagonists - prostanoids - phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors

Literatur

• 1 Badesch D B, Abman S H, Ahearn G S. et al . Medical therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines.  Chest. 2004;  126 (Suppl 1) 35S-S62
• 2 Badesch D B, Tapson V F, McGoon M D. et al . Continuous intravenous epoprostenol for pulmonary hypertension due to the scleroderma spectrum of disease.   Ann Intern Med. 2000;  132 425-434
• 3 Barst R J, McGoon M, Torbicki A. et al . Diagnosis and differential assessment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.  J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;  43 40S-47S
• 4 Barst R J, Rubin L J, Long W A. et al . A comparison of continuous intravenous epoprostenol (prostacyclin) with conventional therapy for primary pulmonary hypertension.  N Engl J Med. 1996;  334 296-302
• 5 Bossone E, Bodini B D, Mazza A, Allegra L. Pulmonary arterial hypertension: The key role of echocardiography.  Chest. 2005;  127 1836-1843
• 6 Channick R N, Simmoneau G, Sitbon. et al . Effects of the dual endothelin-receptor antagonist bosentan in patients with pulmonary hypertension.  Lancet. 2001;  358 1119-1123
• 7 Chaouat A, Bugnet A -S, Kadaoui N. et al . Severe pulmonary hypertension and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.  Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;  172 189-194
• 8 Currie P J, Seward J B, Chan K L. Continuous wave Doppler determination of right ventricular pressure: a simultaneous Doppler-catheterization study in 127 patients.  J Am Coll Cardiol. 1985;  6 750-756
• 9 D’Alonzo G E, Barst R J, Ayres S M. et al . Survival in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. Results from a national prospective registry.  Ann Intern Med. 1991;  115 343-9
• 10 Denton C, Cailes J, Phillips G, Wells A, Black C, Du B ois M. Comparison of Doppler echocardiography and right heart catheterization to assess pulmonary hypertension in systemic sclerosis.  Br J Rheumatol. 1997;  36 239-243
• 11 Fijalkowska A, Kurzyna M, Torbicki A. et al . Serum N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide as a prognostic parameter in patients with pulmonary hypertension.  Chest. 2006;  129 1313-1321
• 12 Forfia P R, Fisher M R, Mathai S C. et al . Tricuspid annular displacement predicts survival in pulmonary hypertension.  Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2006;  174 1034-1041
• 13 Galié N, Torbicki A, Barst R. et al . Guidelines on diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension.   Eur Heart J. 2004b;  25 2243-78
• 14 Ghofrani H A, Wiedemann R, Rose F. et al . Sildenafil for the treatment of lung fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension: A randomized controlled trial.  Lancet. 2002;  360 895-900
• 15 Ghofrani H A, Wiedemann R, Rose F. et al . Combination therapy with oral sildenafil and inhaled iloprost for severe pulmonary hypertension.  Ann Intern Med. 2002;  136 515-522
• 16 Hertz M I, Taylor D O, Trulock E P. et al . The registry of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: Nineteenth official report 2002.  J Heart Lung Transplant. 2002;  21 950-970
• 17 Höper M M, Markevych I, Spiekerkötter E, Welte T, Niedermeyer J. Goal-oriented treatment and combination therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension.  Eur Respir J. 2005;  26 858-863
• 18 Humbert M, Sitbon O, Simonneau G. Treatment of pulmonary arterial arterial hypertension.  N Engl J Med. 2004b;  351 1425-1436
• 19 Kaul S, Tei C, Hopkins J M, Shah P M. Assessment of right ventricular function using two-dimensional echocardiography.  Am Heart J. 1984;  107 526-531
• 20 Magnussen H, Goeckenjan G, Kohler D. et al . [Guidelines to long-term oxygen therapy].  Pneumologie. 2001;  55 454-464
• 21 McGoon M, Gutterman D, Steen V. et al . Screening, early detection, and diagnosis of pulmonary arterial hypertension: ACCP evidence-based clinical practice guidelines.  Chest. 2004;  126 (Suppl 1) 14S-34S
• 22 McLaughlin V V, Sitbon O, Badesch D B. et al . Survival with first-line bosentan in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.  Eur Respir J. 2005;  25 244-249
• 23 Mereles D, Ehlken N, Kreuscher S. et al . Exercise and respiratory training improve exercise capacity and quality of life in patients with severe chronic pulmonary hypertension.  Circulation. 2006;  114 1482-1489
• 24 Nagaya N, Nishikimi T, Uematsu M. et al . Plasma brain natriuretic peptide as a prognostic indicator in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.  Circulation. 2000;  102 865-870
• 25 Newman J H, Trembath R C, Morse J A. et al . Genetic basis of pulmonary arterial hypertension: current understanding and future directions.  J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;  43 (12 Suppl S) 33S-39S
• 26 Olschewski H, Höper M M, Borst M M. et al . Diagnostik und Therapie der chronischen pulmonalen Hypertonie.  Clin Res Cardiol. 2007;  96 301-330
• 27 Olschewski H, Simmoneau G, Galié N. et al, Aerosolized Iloprost Randomized Study Group . Inhaled iloprost for severe pulmonary hypertension.  N Engl J Med. 2002;  347 322-329
• 28 Oudiz R J. The role of exercise testing in the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension.  Sem Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;  26 379-384
• 29 Raymond R J, Hinderliter A L, Willis P W. et al . Echocardiographic predictors of adverse outcomes in primary pulmonary hypertension.  J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;  39 1214-1219
• 30 Rich S, Kaufmann E, Levy P S. The effect of high doses of calcium-channel blockers on survival in primary pulmonary hypertension.  N Engl J Med. 1992;  327 76-81
• 31 Rosenkranz S, Diet F, Karasch T, Weihrauch J, Wassermann K, Erdmann E. Sildenafil improved pulmonary hypertension and peripheral blood flow in a patient with scleroderma-associated lung fibrosis and the Raynaud phenomenon.  Ann Intern Med. 2003;  139 871-873
• 32 Rubin L J, Badesh D B, Barst R J. et al . Bosentan therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension.  N Engl J Med. 2002;  346 896-903
• 33 Sandoval J, Gaspar J, Pulido T. et al . Graded balloon dilation atrial septostomy in severe primary pulmonary hypertension.  J Am Coll Cardiol. 1998;  32 297-304
• 34 Sastry B K, Narasimhan C, Reddy N K, Raju B S. Clinical efficacy of sildenafil in primary pulmonary hypertension.  J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;  43 1149-1153
• 35 Simonneau G, Barst R J, Galie N. et al . Continuous subcutaneous infusion of treprostinil, a prostacyclin analogue, in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension.  Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002;  165 800-804
• 36 Simonneau G, Galié N, Rubin L. et al . Clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension.  J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;  43 (Suppl 1) 5S-12S
• 37 Sitbon O, Humbert M, Jais X. et al . Long-term response to calcium channel blockers in idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.  Circulation. 2005;  111 3105-3111
• 38 Sun X G, Hansen J E, Oudiz R J. et al . Exercise pathophysiology in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.  Circulation. 2001;  104 429-435
• 39 Tei C, Dujardin K S, Hodge D O. et al . Doppler echocardiographic index for assessment of global right ventricular function.  J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1996;  9 838-847
• 40 Wensel R, Opitz C F, Anker S D. et al . Assessment of survival in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension. Importance of cardiopulmonary exercise testing.  Circulation. 2002;  106 319-324
• 41 Wilkens H, Guth A, Konig J. Effect of inhaled iloprost plus oral sildenafil in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.  Circulation. 2001;  104 1218-1222
• 42 Yasunobu Y, Oudiz R J, Sun X G, Hansen J E, Wasserman K. End-tidal PCO2 abnormality and exercise limitation in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.  Chest. 2005;  127 1637-1646