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DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-949172
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Chemotherapie-induziertes Erbrechen - Praktische Anleitung zur Prophylaxe und Therapie
Chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting - a practical treatment approachPublication History
eingereicht: 19.6.2006
akzeptiert: 10.8.2006
Publication Date:
17 August 2006 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Bei Patienten gelten Übelkeit und Erbrechen nach wie vor zu den unangenehmsten Nebenwirkungen der Chemotherapie. Das Risiko nach der Chemotherapie zu erbrechen, hängt in erster Linie von der Emetogenität der einzelnen Chemotherapeutika ab. Durch die Einführung der Neurokin-1-Rezeptor-Antagonisten wurde eine weitere Verbesserung in der antiemetischen Prophylaxe erreicht. Durch die Kombination eines 5-HT3-Rezeptorantagonisten mit einem Neurokinin-1-Rezeptor-Antagonisten und einem Steroid können Übelkeit und Erbrechen inzwischen bei bis zu 70-90 % der Patienten verhindert werden. In diesem Artikel wird das leitliniengerechte Vorgehen in der antiemetischen Prophylaxe und Therapie vorgestellt. Zudem werden die verschiedenen Antiemetika praxisnah beschrieben.
Summary
Nausea and vomiting are considered as two of the most distressing side effects of chemotherapy. The frequency of nausea and vomiting depends primarily on the emetogenic potential of the chemotherapeutic agents used. With the introduction of the neurokinin-1-receptor-antagonists in combination with 5-HT3 receptor-antagonists and steroid approximately 70-90 % of patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy can be protected from emesis. Here, the most recent developments in the antiemetic therapy including the latest guidelines for antiemetic prophylaxis are described.
Schlüsselwörter
Antiemetische Therapie - MASCC-Leitlinien - ASCO-Leitlinien - 5-HT3-Rezeptor-antagonisten - Neurokinin-1-Rezeptor-antagonisten
Key words
Antiemetic therapy - MASCC-guidelines - ASCO-guidelines - 5-HT3 receptor-antagonists - neurokinin-1-receptor-antagonist
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Dr. med. Karin Jordan
Klinik für Innere Medizin IV, Hämatologie/Onkologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle/Wittenberg
Ernst-Grube-Straße 40
06120 Halle/Saale
Phone: 0345/5572924
Fax: 0345/5572950
Email: Karin.jordan@medizin.uni-halle.de