Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-826896
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Epidemiologie, Behandlungsstrategie und Prävention von Typ 2-Diabetes bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Epidemiology, treatment and prevention of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescentsPublication History
eingereicht: 16.12.2003
akzeptiert: 18.3.2004
Publication Date:
21 July 2004 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Veränderungen des Ernährungs- und Bewegungsverhaltens von Kindern und Jugendlichen führen weltweit zu einer Zunahme der Adipositas schon im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Folge dieser Entwicklung ist eine Zunahme des Typ 2 Diabetes bei Kindern und Jugendlichen die in vielen Ländern beobachtet wird. Neben der Entwicklung von Strategien zur Behandlung des Typ 2 Diabetes muss die Prävention von Adipositas und damit auch des Typ 2 Diabetes in dieser Altersgruppe ein vorrangiges Ziel sein.
Summary
Changes in food consumption and exercise are fueling a worldwide increase in obesity in children and adolescents. As a consequence of this dramatic development an increasing rate of type 2 diabetes can be observed in children and adolescents in many countries. Development of strategies for therapy of type 2 diabetes and implementation of prevention of obesity and type 2 diabetes in this age group should be primary health care goals.
Literatur
- 1 American Diabetes Association . Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 2000; 105 671-680
- 2 Alikasifoglu A, Yordam N. The metabolic parameters of obese children and the role of hyperinsulinism on weight loss. Eur J Pediatr. 1998; 158 269-270
- 3 Arslanian S A, Kalhan S C. Correlations between fatty acids and glucose metabolism: potential explanation for insulin resistance of puberty. Diabetes. 1994; 43 908-914
- 4 Arslanian S. Insulin secretion and sensitivity in healthy African-American vs American white children. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1998; 37 81-88
- 5 Bundred P, Kitchiner D, Buchan I. Prevalence of overweight and obese children between 1989 and 1998: population based series of cross sectional studies. BMJ. 2001; 322 1-4
- 6 Chiu K C, Pejman C, Lee N P, Chuang L M. Insulin sensitivity differs among ethnic groups with a compensatory response in β-cell function. Diabetes Care. 2000; 23 1353-1358
- 7 Cook V V, Hurley J S. Prevention of type 2 diabetes in childhood. Clin Pediatr. 1998; 37 123-130
- 8 Dabelea D, Hanson R L, Bennett P H, Roumain J, Knowler W C, Pettitt D J. Increasing prevalence of type II diabetes in American Indian children. Diabetologia. 1998; 41 904-910
- 9 Danadian K, Balasekaran G, Lewy V, Meza M P, Arslanian S A. Insulin sensitivity in African-American children with and without family history of type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1999; 22 1325-1329
- 10 Dean H. Diagnostic criteria for non insulin dependent diabetes in youth (NIDDM-Y). Clin Pediatr. 1998; 37 67-71
- 11 Dean H. NIDDM-Y in first nation children in Canada. Clin Pediatr. 1998; 37 89-96
- 12 Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group . Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002; 346 393-403
- 13 Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group . Costs associated with the primary prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the diabetes prevention program. Diabetes Care. 2003; 26 36-47
- 14 Drake A J, Smith A, Betts P R, Crowne E C, Shield J PH. Type 2 diabetes in obese white children. Arch Dis Child. 2002; 86 207-208
- 15 Dyer O. First cases of type 2 diabetes found in white UK teenagers. BMJ. 2002; 324 506
- 16 Elbein S C, Wegner K, Kahn S E. Reduced beta-cell compensation to the insulin resistance associated with obesity in members of caucasian familial type 2 diabetic kindreds. Diabetes Care. 2000; 23 221-227
- 17 Freedman D S, Srinivasan S R, Valdez R A, Williamson D F, Berenson G S. Secular increases in relative weight and adiposity among children over two decades: the Bogalusa Heart Study. Pediatrics. 1997; 99 420-426
- 18 Freemark M, Bursey D. The effects of metformin on body mass index and glucose tolerance in obese adolescents with fasting hyperinsulinemia and a family history of type 2 diabetes. Pediatrics. 2001; 107 1-7
- 19 Freemark M. Pharmacologic approaches to the prevention of type 2 diabetes in high risk pediatric patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003; 88 3-13
- 20 Gahagan S, Silverstein J. for the comitee of Native American child health . Prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children, with special emphasis on American Indian and Alaska Native children. Pediatrics. 2003; 112 328-347
- 21 Holl R W, Wabitsch M, Heinze E. Typ-2-Diabetes mellitus bei Kindern und Jugendlichen. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd. 2001; 149 660-669
- 22 Hood V L, Kelly B, Martinez C, Shuman S, Secker-Walker R. A native American community initiative to prevent diabetes. Ethn Health. 1997; 2 277-285
- 23 Jimenez M M, Receveur O, Trifonopoulos M, Kuhnlein H, Paradis G, Macaulay A C. Comparison of the dietary intakes of two different groups of children (grades 4 to 6) before and after the Kahnawake Schools Diabetes Prevention Project. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003; 103 1191-1194
- 24 Jones K L. Non-insulin dependent diabetes in children and adolescents: The therapeutic challenge. Clin Pediatr. 1998; 37 103-110
- 25 Jones K, Arslanian S, McVie R, Tomlinson M, Park J -S. Metformin improves glycaemic control in children with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2002; 25 89-94
- 26 Kapellen T, Raile K, Blüher M, Galler A, Paschke R, Kiess W. Typ-2-Diabetes bei Kindern und Jugendlichen - ein weltweites Problem. Diabetes und Stoffwechsel. 2001; 10 165-169
- 27 Kiess W, Böttner A, Raile K. et al . Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents: a review from a European perspective. Horm Res. 2003; 59 77-84 (Suppl 1)
- 28 Kiess W, Gausche R, Keller N> A, Burmeister J, Willgerodt H, Keller E. Computer-guided, population-based screening system for growth disorders (CrescNet) and on-line generation of normative data for growth and development. Horm Res. 2001; 56 (Suppl 1) 59-66
- 29 Kitagawa T, Owada M, Urakami T, Yamauchi K. Increased incidence of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus among Japanese schoolchildren correlates with an increased intake of animal protein and fat. Clin Pediatr. 1998; 37 111-116
- 30 Kromeyer-Hauschild K, Zellner K, Jäger U, Hoyer H. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among school children in Jena (Germany). Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999; 23 1143-1150
- 31 Macaulay A C, Paradis G, Potvin L. et al . The Kahnawake schools diabetes prevention project: intervention, evaluation, and baseline results of a diabetes primary prevention. Prev Med. 1997; 26 779-790
- 32 McGrath N M, Parker G N, Dawson P. Early presentation of type 2 diabetes mellitus in young New Zealand Maori. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 1999; 43 205-209
- 33 McKenzie S B, O’Connell J, Smith L A, Ottinger W E. A primary intervention program (pilot study) for Mexican American children at risk for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Educ. 1998; 24 180-187
- 34 Ortega-Rodriguez E, Levy-Marchal C, Tubiana N, Czernichow P, Polak M. Emergence of type 2 diabetes in an hospital based cohort of children with diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Metab. 2001; 27 574-578
- 35 Owada M, Nitadori Y, Kitagawa T. Treatment of NIDDM in youth. Clin Pediatr. 1998; 37 117-122
- 36 Pinhas-Hamiel O, Koren I, Vardi P. Type 2 diabetes among adolescents in Israel. Harefuah. 2000; 138 186-189
- 37 Rami B, Schober E, Nachbauer E, Waldhor T. Austrian Incidence Study group . Type 2 diabetes mellitus is rare but not absent in children under 15 years of age in Austria. Eur J Pediatr. 2003; 162 850-852
- 38 Ravussin E, Danforth J E. Beyond sloth-physical activity and weight gain. Science. 1999; 283 184-185
- 39 Ritenbaugh C, Teufel-Shone N I. et al . A lifestyle intervention improves plasma insulin levels among native American high school youth. Prev Med. 2003; 36 309-319
- 40 Sahota P, Rudolf M C, Dixey R, Hill A J, Barth J H, Cade J. Randomised controlled trial of primary-school based intervention to reduce risk factors for obesity. BMJ. 2001; 323 1029-1032
- 41 Scott C R, Smith J M, Cradock M M, Pihoker C. Characteristics of youth-onset noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus at diagnosis. Pediatrics. 1997; 100 84-91
- 42 Sellers E A, Dean H J. Diabetic ketoacidosis. A complication of type 2 diabetes in Canadian aboriginal youth. Diabetes Care. 2000; 23 1202-1204
- 43 Snehalatha C, Ramachandran A, Satyavani K, Vijay V. Limitations of glycosylated haemoglobin as an index of glucose intolerance. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2000; 47 129-133
- 44 Stuart C A, Gilkinson C R, Smith M M, Bosman A M, Keenan B S, Nagamani M. Acanthosis nigricans as a risk factor for non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1998; 37 73-78
- 45 Teufel N I, Ritenbaugh C K. Development of a primary prevention program: insight gain in the Zuni Diabetes Prevention Program. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1998; 37 131-141
- 46 Tuomilehto J, Lindström J, Eriksson J G. et al . Prevention of Type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med. 2001; 344 1343-1350
- 47 Zuhri-Yafi M I, Brosnan P G, Hardin D S. Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2002; 15 (Suppl 1) 541-546
Dr. med. Thomas Michael Kapellen
Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Kinder und Jugendliche, Diabetes- und Adipositassprechstunde
Oststraße 21-25
04317 Leipzig
Phone: 0341/9726227
Fax: 0341/9726009
Email: kapt@medizin.uni-leipzig.de