Deutsch-Österreichische Leitlinien zur postexpositionellen Prophylaxe der HIV-Infektion

Einleitung

Angesichts der Übertragbarkeit einer HIV-Infektion mit hoher Morbidität und Mortalität wurde international seit 1989 bei Gefahr einer Infektion im beruflichen Alltag die postexpositionelle Einnahme von Zidovudin empfohlen und vielfach praktiziert [1] [2]. Inzwischen liegen deutliche Hinweise auf eine Wirksamkeit dieser Prophylaxe nach beruflicher Exposition vor [3] [4]. Auch zur Vermeidung der vertikalen Übertragung einer HIV-Infektion konnte die Wirksamkeit überzeugend nachgewiesen werden [5].

Auf einer Konsensuskonferenz der Deutschen und Österreichischen AIDS-Gesellschaft sowie des Robert Koch-Institutes im Februar 2002 wurde eine Aktualisierung der Empfehlungen von 1998 [6] dieser Gesellschaften und Organisationen diskutiert und beschlossen. Ziel der nun aktualisierten, ausführlichen Empfehlungen ist es weiterhin, auf der Grundlage des erweiterten Wissensstandes und der veränderten Therapieoptionen konkrete Handlungsanleitungen zu geben und alle in die Entscheidungen einbezogenen Ärztinnen und Ärzte in die Lage zu versetzen, die Indikation zu einer HIV-Postexpositionsprophylaxe zu stellen, diese durchzuführen und die betroffenen Personen kompetent zu beraten.

Literatur

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