Methanol for Hydrogenation and Methylation of Carbonyls: Advances and Challenges in Homogeneous Catalysis

Manohar Shivaji Padmor; Sanjay Pratihar

doi:10.1055/s-0043-1775409

Synlett, Table of Contents

Synlett 2024; 35(20): 2346-2366
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1775409

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Special Issue to Celebrate the 75th Birthday of Prof. B. C. Ranu

Methanol for Hydrogenation and Methylation of Carbonyls: Advances and Challenges in Homogeneous Catalysis

Manohar Shivaji Padmor

^aAcademy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India

^bInorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India

,

Sanjay Pratihar∗

^aAcademy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, Uttar Pradesh, India

^bInorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India

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Abstract

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Abstract

The catalytic dehydrogenation of methanol to give formaldehyde or formic acid, followed transfer hydrogenation and/or tandem (de)hydrogenation for the hydrogenation and C-methylation of carbonyls, offers advantages over traditional methods, including milder reaction conditions, improved safety, greater selectivity, and enhanced sustainability. This account provides a comprehensive overview of homogeneous catalysts reported for the transfer hydrogenation and C-methylation of various substrates, including ketones, chalcones, esters, and amides, using methanol as both a hydrogen donor and methylation source. We provide specific examples and mechanistic insights for each strategy, offering a thorough and concise overview of recent advancements from 2014 to 2024.

1 Introduction

2 Methanol Activation Strategies

3 Hydrogenation of Carbonyls

4 Methylation of Carbonyls

5 Outlook and Summary

Key words

methanol - hydrogenation - dehydrogenation - methylation - aldehyde - ketone - chalcone - carbonyl

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