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Synthesis
DOI: 10.1055/a-2772-4419
DOI: 10.1055/a-2772-4419
Review
Recent Application of Iridium(III)-Cyclopentadienyl Ligands in Asymmetric Catalysis
Authors
Abstract
Asymmetric catalysis is indispensable for the synthesis of optically active molecules, where chiral ligands play a pivotal role in governing both stereoselectivity and catalytic efficiency. Cyclopentadienyl (Cp) ligands form stable complexes with Ir(III), enabling asymmetric transformations through strategies including the use of external chiral additives or inherently chiral Cp derivatives. However, recent progress in Cp*Ir(III) catalytic systems—specifically those incorporating preinstalled chiral ligands—has yet to be systematically summarized. This review summarizes advances in N,N′-; N,C-; and N,O-chelating ligands, focusing on their applications in Cp*Ir(III)-catalyzed asymmetric reactions: (transfer) hydrogenation of ketones, imines, and quinolines; nitrene transfer for C(sp3)–H amidation; borrowing-hydrogen catalysis; and cooperative catalysis with chiral phosphoric acids. Key reaction mechanisms, rationales for stereocontrol, and substrate scopes are highlighted. Finally, current challenges (e.g., limited accessibility and diversity of ligands) and future research directions are also addressed.
Keywords
Asymmetric catalysis - Iridium - Cyclopentadienyl - Cp - Hydrogenation - Borrowing hydrogen - NitrenePublication History
Received: 31 October 2025
Accepted after revision: 12 December 2025
Accepted Manuscript online:
13 December 2025
Article published online:
13 January 2026
© 2026. Thieme. All rights reserved.
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