Recent Advances in Light-Driven Carbon–Carbon Bond Formation via Carbon Dioxide Activation

Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) is an attractive renewable one-carbon (C1) feedstock in terms of its earth abundance, low cost, and non-toxicity. Developing new catalytic systems to realize the practical insertion of CO₂ into organic molecules has been of great importance for ecological economics. In recent years, outstanding improvements have been carried out in the field of light-driven catalytic carboxylation via the activation of CO₂ as the key reagent. In this short review, the recent developments of light-promoted carboxylation utilizing CO₂ to synthesize value-added chemicals using a dual visible-light photoredox/transition-metal catalyst or a photoredox catalyst are highlighted.

1 Introduction

2 Visible-Light-Driven Carboxylation Using Transition-Metal Photocatalysts

2.1 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Alkenes

2.2 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carboxylation of C(sp²)–X (X = Cl, Br, OTf) Bonds

2.3 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Alkynes

2.4 Transition-Metal-Catalyzed Carboxylation of Carbons Attached to Nitrogen

3 Light-Driven Carboxylation via Organo-Photocatalysis

3.1 Photocatalytic Carboxylation of Alkenes

3.2 Photocatalytic Carboxylation of C(sp³)–H Bonds

4 Conclusion

Key words

carbon dioxide - photochemistry - carbon–carbon bond formation - photocatalysis - carboxylation

Publication History

Received: 22 May 2021

Accepted after revision: 03 August 2021

Accepted Manuscript online:
03 August 2021

Article published online:
12 August 2021

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