Sport und Bewegung in Prävention und Therapie kardiovaskulärer Erkrankungen

Sport und Bewegung verbessern die körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit, die Lebensqualität und die Prognose bei praktisch allen kardiovaskulären Risikofaktoren und Erkrankungen. Doch nicht nur moderater Ausdauersport, sondern auch spezifische Krafttrainingsprogramme werden empfohlen. In den Fokus von Forschung und Praxis rücken zudem intensivere, intervallartige Belastungen und gezielte Interventionen zur Steigerung der Leistungsfähigkeit.

Abstract

Sport and exercise improve physical performance, quality of life and prognosis in virtually all cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. Not only moderate endurance exercise but also specific strength training programs are recommended. However, research and practice are also focusing on more intense, interval exercise and targeted interventions to improve performance. In the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular diseases, adapted strength training without press breathing is also suitable.

In addition to moderate endurance training, higher-intensity, interval-type exercise is now recommended for individual patients. An individually adapted load control is important after exhaustion in the load ECG. Rules of thumb should not be applied. With the exception of nicotine cessation, an improvement in physical performance is the most effective measure in terms of prognosis. Increased daily activity measured by a daily step count of more than 7500, optimally more than 10 000, also has a positive effect.

Schlüsselwörter

Arterielle Hypertonie - Intervalltraining - koronare Herzkrankheit - Belastungsintensität - Alltagsaktivität

Key words

arterial hypertension - interval exercise training - coronary heart disease - load intensity - everyday activity

Publication History

Article published online:
18 March 2021

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