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DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1091246
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Notärztliche Versorgung von Palliativpatienten
Emergency medical care of terminally ill patientsPublication History
eingereicht: 23.5.2008
akzeptiert: 1.9.2008
Publication Date:
01 October 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung: In Deutschland haben notärztliche Einsätze bei Patienten mit Tumorerkrankungen im weit fortgeschrittenen Krankheitsstadium einen Anteil von ca. 3 % an den Gesamteinsätzen. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, über 6 Jahre alle Notarzteinsätze bei diesen Patienten prospektiv zu erfassen, die Besonderheiten dieser Einsätze vorzustellen und mit Notarzteinsätzen anderer Ursache zu vergleichen.
Methodik: In die Studie eingeschlossen wurden alle so genannten palliativmedizinisch motivierten Einsätze bei Patienten mit Tumorerkrankungen im weit fortgeschrittenen Krankheitsstadium. Diese Einsätze wurden mit Einsätzen anderer Ursachen unter anderem bezüglich Einsatzindikation und -verlauf verglichen.
Ergebnisse: Insgesamt konnten 63 palliativmedizinisch motivierte Einsätze (3,9 % der gesamten Einsätze) identifiziert und ausgewertet werden. Die Einsatzindikation und die Weiterversorgung der Patienten unterschieden sich signifikant von Einsätzen anderer Ursache (p < 0,05): So war die akute Dyspnoe die häufigste Einsatzursache (33,3 % vs. 9,4 %). In 93,7 % der Einsätze resultierte die Alarmierung aus einer Überforderung (medizinisch und psychosozial) der betreuenden Angehörigen. Im Vergleich zu Einsätzen anderer Ursache konnten signifikant mehr Patienten in häuslicher Umgebung notfallmedizinisch versorgt und belassen werden (56,6 % vs. 16,1 %).
Folgerung: Die notärztliche Versorgung von Tumorpatienten im weit fortgeschrittenen Stadium ihrer Erkrankung kann jeden Notarzt im Einsatzdienst betreffen. Die Versorgung dieser Patientengruppe erfordert besondere Kenntnisse in der notfallmedizinischen Versorgung und speziell auch in der palliativmedizinischen Betreuung von Patienten am Lebensende.
Summary
Background and objective: 3 % of all emergency calls in Germany are related to terminally ill cancer patients. It was the aim of this investigation to prospectively include over a lenghty period all emergency calls from cancer patients in the final stage of their disease, to elucidate the specific features of these calls and to compare them with calls of other reasons.
Methods: All „palliative emergency contacts” during a period of six years were included and compared with emergency applications of other causes.
Results: 63 emergency calls by cancer patients or their relatives were analysed (3.9 % of all emergency calls). The effort made and the care given to these patients differed significantly from those related to other calls (p < 0.05). Thus acute dyspnoea was the most frequent reason for an emergency call in cancer patients (33.3 % compared with 9.4 %). 93.7 % of the calls were made because of psychosocial strain among the care-giving relatives. Significantly more of these patients were able to remain at home (56.6 %) than in calls for other causes (16.1 %).
Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that the care of cancer patients in the final stage of their disease is an important factor in emergency medicine. For this reason special knowledge of problems arising in relation to end of life care is essential.
Schlüsselwörter
Notarzteinsätze - Tumorpatienten - palliatives Krankheits-
stadium - Palliativ-Care-Team
Key words
emergency cases - cancer patients - emergencies in palliative care - palliative care team
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