Evidenz von Physiotherapie bei Gonarthrose

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund: Arthrose gehört zu den 10 häufigsten Erkrankungen in Europa und der gesamten Welt. Ihre Behandlung mit Physiotherapie wird empfohlen. Allerdings herrscht Unklarheit über die genauen Therapiemodalitäten.

Ziel: Betrachtung neuerer Arbeiten zum Thema und Identifizierung geeigneter Behandlungsmethoden bei Gonarthrose.

Methode: 23 randomisierte, kontrollierte Studien wurden auf ihre Ergebnisse und die verwendeten Therapiemethoden hin untersucht.

Ergebnisse: Verschiedene Behandlungsmethoden sind in der Lage, die Symptome der Gonarthrose zu lindern. Zu Trainings- und Physiotherapie wurden widersprüchliche Ergebnisse gefunden. Für Heimübungsprogramme lässt sich aufgrund fehlender Beschreibungen der Methodik keine verallgemeinernde Aussage treffen. Für eine kombinierte Intervention mit Trainingstherapie und Gewichtsreduzierung sowie die Verwendung von Tapes und Bandagen liegen einheitliche Ergebnisse vor, die eine Wirksamkeit der Therapieformen zeigen. Die einzelne Studie zu TENS zeigte eine Wirksamkeit unabhängig von der verwendeten Frequenz.

Schlussfolgerungen: Die Therapie von Kniearthrose durch Physiotherapie sollte aufgrund der vorliegenden Evidenz einen größeren Stellenwert als bisher erhalten. Weitere Forschung ist jedoch notwendig, um die Ergebnisse zu verifizieren.

Abstract

Background: Osteoarthritis is one of the ten most common diseases in Europe and throughout the world. Its treatment with physiotherapy is recommended. There is, however, no consensus concerning therapy modalities.

Objective: Investigating the results of newer studies concerning the topic and identification of appropriate treatment interventions in knee osteoarthritis.

Method: 23 randomized controlled trials were investigated in view of their results and the applied therapy methods.

Results: Different modalities of physical therapy are able to ease knee osteoarthritis symptoms. For exercise therapy and physiotherapy inconsistent results were detected. For home programs generalized evidence could not be found because of the lacking description of applied methods. For combined exercise therapy and weight loss as well as use of knee-tapes and bandages consistent results are on hand showing an effective treatment. The single study on TENS proved efficiency irrespective of employed frequency.

Conclusions: Due to the existing evidence knee osteoarthritis management with physiotherapy should play a more vital role than to date. However, more research is necessary to verify these results.

Schlüsselwörter

Gonarthrose - Methoden der Physiotherapie - Trainingstherapie

Key words

knee osteoarthritis - physiotherapy modalities - exercise therapy

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