Download PDF
Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie 2016; 37(06): 275-279
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-119179
Porträt
© Haug Verlag in MVS Medizinverlage Stuttgart GmbH & Co. KG

Der Gewöhnliche ­Blutweiderich

Jakub P. Piwowarski
1   Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, Faculty of Pharmacy, Warsaw, Poland
,
Matthias F. Melzig
2   Freie Universität Berlin Institut für Pharmazie, Berlin
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
25 January 2017 (online)

    Permissions and Reprints

Zusammenfassung

Die Anwendung des Blutweiderichs ist seit Jahrhunderten belegt. Dem hiesigen Arzneischatz ist sie allerdings abhandengekommen – ausgenommen als homöopathisches Mittel. Was über sie bekannt ist, fasst dieses Porträt zusammen.

Der Blutweiderich, Lythrum salicaria L., ist eine krautige, ausdauernde Pflanze aus der Familie der Lythraceae. In der historischen Rückschau bis zum beginnenden 20. Jh. nahm diese Arzneipflanze eine besondere Stellung in der traditionellen Medizin ein. Insbesondere bei gastrointestinalen Beschwerden (v. a. Dysenterie und Durchfall­erkrankungen), aber auch bei verschiedenen Hautleiden und Schleimhautreizungen kam die Droge zur Anwendung. Aktuelle phytochemische Untersuchungen haben vor allem Polyphenole (u. a. Ellagitannine, Flavonoide) als wichtige Inhaltsstoffe ­charakterisiert. Drogenextrakte als auch ­Einzelstoffe zeigten antimikrobielle, anti­diarrhoische, entzündungshemmende, ­antioxidative und antidiabetische Effekte. Leider gibt es keine aktuellen pharmakologischen Untersuchungen, die diese traditionellen Anwendungen bestätigen könnten.

Summary

Purple loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria L.

Purple loosestrife, Lythrum salicaria L., is a herbaceous perennial that belongs to the Lythraceae family. The review of historical sources from ancient times till 20th century revealed an outstanding position of L. salicaria in traditional medicine. The main applications indicated were gastrointestinal tract ailments (mainly dysentery and ­diarrhea) as well as different skin and mucosa affections. The current phytochemical studies have shown that polyphenols (ellagitannins and flavonoids) are dominant constituents, which probably determine the observed pharmacological effects. The extracts and some isolated compounds were shown to possess antidiarrheal, anti­microbial, ­antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic activities. Unfortunately the contemporary pharmacological research is still insufficient to support its thoroughly ­described traditional uses.

Schlüsselwörter

Lythrum salicaria L. - Gewöhnlicher Blutweiderich - Phytochemie - Volks­heilkunde - Geschichte - Pharmakologie - Toxikologie

Key words

Lythrum salicaria L. - purple loosestrife - phytochemistry - folk medicine - ­history - pharmacology - toxicology
 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Lavoie C. Should we care about purple loosestrife? The history of an invasive plant in North America. Biol Invasions 2010; 12: 1967-1999
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Piwowarski JP, Granica S, Kiss AK. Lythrum ­salicaria L. – Underestimated medicinal plant from European traditional medicine. J Ethnopharmacol 2015; 170: 226-250
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Madaus G. Lehrbuch der Biologischen Heilmittel. Hildesheim. New York: Georg Olms Verlag; 1979: 1815-1818
    Google Scholar
  • 4 Schönfelder I, Schönfelder P. Das neue Handbuch der Heilpflanzen. Stuttgart: Wiss. Verlagsgesellschaft; 2004: 277
    Google Scholar
  • 5 Sauerhoff F. Etymologisches Wörterbuch der Pflanzennamen. Stuttgart: Wiss. Verlagsgesellschaft; 2003: 390-391
    Google Scholar
  • 6 Campardon C. Sur l’usage therapeutique de la salicaire (Lythrum salicaria). Bull Gen Ther Med Chir 1878; 94: 27-29
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Campardon C. Sur l’emploi therapeutique du Lythrum salicaria. Bull Gen Ther Med Chir 1883; 105: 337-349
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Dumont J. These de Bordeaux. La. Presse Med 1920; 38: 379
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Maurin M. La salicaire et les enterites. Bull Sci Pharmacol 1922; 24: 149
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Brun Y, Wang XP, Willemot J et al. Experimental study of antidiarrheal activity of Salicairine. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 1998; 12: 30-36
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Torrent Marti MT. Estudio farmacognostico y farmacodinamico de Lythrum salicaria L. Circ Farm 1975; 33: 265-307
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Tunalier Z, Kosar M, Kupeli E et al. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive activities and composition of Lythrum salicaria L. extracts. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 110: 539-547
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Piwowarski JP, Kiss AK. Contribution of C-glucosidic ellagitannins to Lythrum salicaria L. influence on pro-inflammatory functions of ­human neutrophils. J Nat Med 2015; 69: 100-110
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Borchardt JR, Wyse DL, Sheaffer CC et al. Antimicrobial activity of native and naturalized plants of Minnesota and Wisconsin. J Med Plants Res 2008; 2: 98-110
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Becker H, Scher JM, Speakman JB et al. Bioactivity guided isolation of antimicrobial compounds from Lythrum salicaria. Fitoterapia 2005; 76: 580-584
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Citoglu GS, Altanlar N. Antimicrobial activity of some plants used in folk medicine. J Fac Pharm Ank 2003; 32: 159-163
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Altanlar N, Citoglu GS, Yilmaz BS. Antilisterial activity of some plants used in folk medicine. Pharm Biol 2006; 44: 91-94
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Bencsik T. Comparative histological, phytochemical, microbiological, and pharmacological characterization of some Lythrum salicaria L. Populations. 2014. Pécs, Hungary: Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Pécs;
    Google Scholar
  • 19 Vincent D, Segonzac G. Quelques donnes ­nouvelles sur la salicaire (Lythrum salicaria L.). Acta Phytother 1954; 1: 1-12
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Pawlaczyk I, Capek P, Czerchawski L et al. An anticoagulant effect and chemical characterization of Lythrum salicaria L. glycoconjugates. Carbohydr Polym 2011; 86: 277-284
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Pawlaczyk I, Czerchawski L, Kanska J et al. An acidic glycoconjugate from Lythrum salicaria L. with controversial effects on haemostasis. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 131: 63-69
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Spyropoulos NM. Action de l’infusion des racines de Rubus ulmifolius, de la Salicairine et du tannin sur la glycosuria phloridzique chez l’homme. J Physiol Pathol Gén 1930; 28: 69-71
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Torres IC, Suarez JC. A preliminary study of hypoglycemic activity of Lythrum salicaria. J Nat Prod 1980; 43: 559-563
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Sharma N, Sharma VK, Seo SY. Screening of some medicinal plants for anti-lipase activity. J Ethnopharmacol 2005; 97: 453-456
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Yoshida K, Hishida A, Iida O et al. Flavonol caffeoylglycosides as alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from Spiraea cantoniensis flower. J Agric Food Chem 2008; 56: 4367-4371
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Sutovska M, Capek P, Franova S et al. Antitussive and bronchodilatory effects of Lythrum salicaria polysaccharide-polyphenolic conjugate. Int J Biol Macromol 2012; 51: 794-799
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Piwowarski JP, Granica S, Zwierzynska M et al. Role of human gut microbiota metabolism in the anti-inflammatory effect of traditionally used ellagitannin-rich plant materials. J Ethnopharmacol 2014; 155: 801-809
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Caille E. Traitement des dysenteries bacillaires par la salicairine (glucoside de la salicaire). Bull Sci Pharmacol 1919; 10: 447
    PubMedGoogle Scholar