Radiographic location of the femoral footprint of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs

A. Bolia; P. Winkels; P. Böttcher

doi:10.15654/TPK-140357

Tierärztliche Praxis Ausgabe K: Kleintiere / Heimtiere, Table of Contents

Tierarztl Prax Ausg K Kleintiere Heimtiere 2015; 43(01): 23-30
DOI: 10.15654/TPK-140357

Original Article

Schattauer GmbH

Radiographic location of the femoral footprint of the cranial cruciate ligament in dogs

Röntgenologische Lage des femoralen Ursprungs des vorderen Kreuzbands beim Hund

A. Bolia

¹Department of Small Animal Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

,

P. Winkels

¹Department of Small Animal Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

,

P. Böttcher

¹Department of Small Animal Medicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany

› Author Affiliations

Abstract

Summary

Objective: To describe the radiographic location of the center of the femoral footprint of the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) in dogs. Material and methods: Using femora from 49 adult, orthopedically sound dogs (bodyweight ≥ 20 kg), a radiopaque marker was placed on the cranial border of the femoral footprint of the CrCL. Computed tomography and threedimensional (3D) reconstruction of each femur was performed subsequently, followed by manual segmentation of the footprint on the 3D models and calculation of its center. Finally, virtual digital radiographs in two planes were produced and the location of the calculated center of the CrCL was expressed using three different methods (4×4 box grid method and percentage position for the medio-lateral projection; o’clock position for the disto-proximal projection). Results: In the medio-lateral radiographs the center of the femoral footprint was consistently located in the second rectangle from the top of the most caudal column of the 4×4 grid. The mean percentage caudo-cranial and proximo-distal location was 20.2% (± 2.2) and 33.8% (± 3.7), respectively. In the disto-proximal radiograph, the o’clock position of the CrCL center was between 2 and 3 o’clock in 97.6% of cases. Conclusion: The radiographic location of the center of the femoral footprint can be consistently predicted in medio-lateral and disto-proximal stifle radiographs of dogs over 20 kg. Clinical significance: The reported data can be used to plan and verify the placement of the femoral tunnel opening for intra-articular anatomic CrCL repair.

Zusammenfassung

Zie: war, beim Hund die radiologische Position des Zentrums zu bestimmen, in dem das vordere Kreuzband am Femur entspringt. Material und Methoden: An 49 Femora orthopädisch gesunder Hunde (Körpermasse > 20 kg) wurde die kraniale Begrenzung des femoralen Ursprungs des vorderen Kreuzbands mit einem röntgendichten Draht markiert. Anschließend wurde ein Computertomogramm und eine dreidimensionale (3D) Rekonstruktion jedes Femurs angefertigt und anhand derer der Ursprung manuell segmentiert und das Zentrum berechnet. Basierend auf den 3D-Modellen erfolgte eine Berechnung virtueller Röntgenbilder in zwei Ebenen. An diesen wurde die Position des berechneten Zentrums mit drei unterschiedlichen Methoden bestimmt (4×4-Gitterbox-Methode und prozentuale Position für die mediolaterale Projektion; Ziffernblattmethode für die distoproximale Projektion). Ergebnisse: In der mediolateralen Projektion befand sich das Zentrum des femoralen Kreuzbandursprungs im zweiten Rechteck von proximal in der kaudalen Spalte. Die mittlere prozentuale kaudokraniale und proximodistale Position war 20,2% (± 2,2) bzw. 33,8% (± 3,7). Im distoproximalen Röntgenbild lag bei 97,6% der Femora das Zentrum des Kreuzbandursprungs zwischen 2 und 3 Uhr. Schlussfolgerung: Die radiologische Lage des Ursprungs des vorderen Kreuzbands lässt sich in mediolateralen und distoproximalen Röntgenbildern von Hunden mit einer Körpermasse > 20 kg vorhersagen. Klinische Relevanz: Die erarbeiteten Referenzwerte können zur Planung sowie intraund postoperativen Kontrolle der femoralen Bohrkanalplatzierung bei der intraartikulären anatomischen Rekonstruktion des vorderen Kreuzbands dienen.

Keywords

Stifle - cranial cruciate ligament - intraarticular repair

Schlüsselwörter

Kniegelenk - vorderes Kreuzband - intraartikuläre Rekonstruktion

Full Text

References

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