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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027902
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Bewegungsempfehlungen und Bewegungsangebote in Schweizer Altersheimen
Physical Activity Recommendations and Programmes Offered in Swiss Residential SettingsPublication History
eingereicht: 10.1.2008
angenommen: 7.3.2008
Publication Date:
26 November 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Korrelate und Determinanten von körperlichen Bewegungsmustern älterer Erwachsener standen in den letzten Jahren im Mittelpunkt der Forschung. Dennoch weist die Forschungsliteratur Lücken auf. So sind weitere für gebrechliche Ältere (75 – 94 Jahre) relevante Studien nötig. Da die Unterbringung in Institutionen mit zunehmendem Alter wahrscheinlicher wird, ist die Wohnumgebung derart gestaltet, dass sie die körperliche Aktivität gebrechlicher älterer Menschen fördert. Bisher wurden die Möglichkeiten körperlicher Aktivität für in Heimen lebende ältere Menschen nur wenig untersucht.
Ziel: Die vorliegende Studie untersuchte den Status von Programmen zur körperlichen Aktivierung im Umfeld von Altersheimen in Zürich hinsichtlich internationalen und nationalen Empfehlungen zu körperlicher Aktivität älterer Erwachsener.
Methode: Vertreter aus 72 Wohneinrichtungen füllten einen Fragebogen über die in ihren Einrichtungen angebotenen Programme zur körperlichen Aktivierung aus. Mittels beschreibender Statistik wurden die Daten ausgewertet und anhand der Chi-Quadrat-Analyse städtische und ländliche Verhältnisse verglichen.
Ergebnisse: Jede Einrichtung bot Programme zur körperlichen Aktivierung, jedoch nur 2 (3 %) regelmäßiges Krafttraining an und keine einzige entsprach den Empfehlungen zu Flexibilitätsaktivitäten. Der Prozentsatz der Einrichtungen, die täglich mindestens eine halbe Stunde körperliche Aktivität mittlerer Intensität anboten, war bei den städtischen höher (13 %) als bei den ländlichen (6 %). Es wird diskutiert, wie sich solche Umfelder auf das Interesse der Bewohner an körperlicher Aktivität und ihr Befolgen entsprechender Programme auswirken können.
Schlussfolgerung: Altersheime haben das Potenzial, die Beteiligung älterer Erwachsener an körperlichen Aktivitäten entweder zu er- oder zu entmutigen. Die Art, wie das Umfeld in Altersheimen heute strukturiert ist und wie Programme eingerichtet werden, könnte das Interesse der Bewohner an körperlicher Aktivität jedoch eher mindern als fördern.
Abstract
Background: Correlates and determinants of older adults’ physical activity patterns have been the focus of research in recent years. Despite this, gaps are identified in research literature. For example, more studies that have relevance for the frail elderly (75 – 94 years) are needed. Since the likelihood of institutionalization increases with age, old people’s home environments have potential for promoting physical activity in the frail elderly. However, physical activity opportunities for older adults in residential facilities remain largely unexamined.
Objective: The current study examined the status of physical activity programs in old people’s home environments in Zurich in relation to international and national recommendations for older adults’ physical activity.
Method: Representatives of 72 residential facilities completed a questionnaire about physical activity programs offered in their facilities. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square-analyses for comparisons between urban and rural settings were calculated.
Results: Every facility provided physical activity programs. However, only 2 (3 %) offered strength training on a regular basis and no one met recommendations for flexibility activities. In comparison to rural facilities (6 %) a greater proportion of urban facilities (13 %) reported offering daily physical activity for half an hour or more at a medium intensity. Results are discussed in relation to how such environments may impact residents’ interest in and adherence to physical activity.
Conclusion: Residential facilities have the potential to either encourage or discourage physical activity participation of older adults. The way in which the residential facilities’ environment is currently structured and programs are delivered could, however, be detracting rather than enhancing residents’ interest in physical activity.
Schlüsselwörter
körperliche Aktivität - Empfehlungen - Altern - Physiotherapie - Befragung - Rehabilitation
Key words
physical activity - recommendations - ageing - physiotherapy - survey - rehabilitation
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HIT J 23.3
Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 27
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