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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027174
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Intraepitheliale Phototherapeutische Keratektomie und Alkohol-Abrasio zur Therapie der rezidivierenden Erosio corneae - zwei minimalinvasive chirurgische Alternativen
Intraepithelial Phototherapeutic Keratectomy and Alcohol Delamination for Recurrent Corneal Erosions - Two Minimally Invasive Surgical AlternativesPublication History
Eingegangen: 20.12.2007
Angenommen: 10.1.2008
Publication Date:
09 April 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Zur Behandlung der rezidivierenden Erosio corneae hat sich die Phototherapeutische Keratektomie (PTK) etabliert. Nach Abrasio werden dabei variable Anteile der Bowman’schen Lamelle und ggf. des anterioren Stroma mit dem Excimer-Laser entfernt. Bei Verletzung der Bowman-Lamelle kommt es zur subepitheilialen Narbenbildung und potenziell zu unerwünschten Wirkungen wie einer Hyperopisierung. Wir evaluierten zwei Behandlungsmethoden, die die Bowman-Lamelle intakt lassen: die intraepitheliale PTK und die Alkohol-Abrasio. Patienten und Methoden: Alle Behandlungen erfolgten im rezidivfreien Intervall. Bei der intraepithelialen PTK wurde bei 17 Augen vom geschlossenen Epithel 12 - 25 µm Gewebe mittels Excimer-Laser abladiert. Eine Alkohol-Abrasio wurde bei 13 Augen durchgeführt. Die Nachbeobachtungszeit lag zwischen 6 Monaten und 7 Jahren (Mittel 4,2 Jahre). Ergebnisse: Beide Methoden erwiesen sich als sicher. Es traten keine Refraktionsänderungen auf. Nach intraepithelialer PTK zeigte sich eine kumulative Rezidivrate von 12 % nach 1 Jahr, 18 % nach 2 Jahren und 24 % nach 3 Jahren. Nach intraepithelialer PTK wurde vorübergehend eine feine subepitheliale Narbenbildung beobachtet. Bei der Alkohol-Abrasio war eine Rezidivrate von 15 % im gesamten Beobachtungszeitraum zu verzeichnen (kein signifikanter Unterschied zur intraepithelialen PTK), Haze oder Narben zeigten sich nicht. Schlussfolgerung: Beide minimalinvasiven, Stroma-schonenden Methoden erweisen sich vergleichbar effektiv zur Behandlung der trauma-assoziierten rezidivierenden Erosio, eine Entfernung von Bowman’scher Lamelle oder anteriorem Stroma scheint nicht zwingend notwendig. Bei Vorliegen einer Basalmembrandystrophie empfehlen wir jedoch eine PTK nach Abrasio zur teilweisen Entfernung der Bowman-Lamelle.
Abstract
Background: Phototherapeutic keratectomy (PTK) has become established as a successful therapy for recurrent corneal erosions. After epithelial debridement, Bowman’s lamella and anterior stroma are ablated by the Excimer laser. We have evaluated two alternative stroma-sparing treatment options, intraepithelial PTK, and alcohol delamination. Patients and Methods: All treatments were performed in the relapse-free period. 17 eyes with recurrent corneal erosions were treated with intraepithelial PTK: from the intact epithelium, 12 - 25 µm of tissue were ablated by the Excimer laser (group I). Alcohol delamination was performed in 13 eyes (group II). Follow-up time was between 6 months and 7 years (mean 4.2 years). Results: Both methods turned out to be safe, no refractive changes were detectable. After intraepithelial PTK, we saw a cumulative recurrence rate of 12 % after 1 year, 18 % after 2 years, and 24 % after 3 years, and a temporary subepithelial scaring was seen. Alcohol delamination resulted in a recurrence rate of 15 % during the whole follow-up time (no statistically significant difference compared to intraepithelial PTK), showing no haze or scarring. Conclusion: Both minimally invasive, stroma-sparing methods were effective for the treatment of trauma-associated recurrent erosion. The ablation of Bowman’s lamella or anterior stroma does not seem to be necessary. However, for basal membrane dystrophy, we recommend PTK after epithelial debridement for the partial ablation of Bowman’s lamella.
Schlüsselwörter
Kornea - rezidivierende Erosio corneae - Phototherapeutische Keratektomie - Excimer-Laser - Alkohol-Abrasio - Basalmembrandystrophie
Key words
cornea - recurrent corneal erosion - phototherapeutic keratectomy - excimer laser - alcohol delamination - basal membrane dystrophy
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Dr. Daniel Kampik
Augenklinik, Universität Würzburg
Josef-Schneider-Str. 11
97080 Würzburg
Phone: ++ 49/9 31/20 12 03 11
Fax: ++ 49/9 31/20 12 04 00
Email: D.Kampik@augenklinik.uni-wuerzburg.de