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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-963463
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Zur Behandlung der kindlichen Katarakt in Deutschland - Ergebnisse einer Umfrage
The Treatment of Congenital Cataract in Germany - Results of a SurveyPublication History
Eingegangen: 26.6.2007
Angenommen: 27.7.2007
Publication Date:
31 January 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Behandlung der kindlichen Katarakt wird in Fragen des Operationszeitpunkts, des chirurgischen Zugangsweges, der Nachstarprophylaxe und der Refraktionseinstellung unterschiedlich gehandhabt. Ziel der Umfrage ist eine aktuelle Bestandsaufnahme. Material und Methoden: Schriftliche Umfrage zu Behandlungsdetails bei kindlicher Katarakt im Jahr 2005 unter 113 operativ tätigen Institutionen in der BRD. Ergebnisse: 60 Institutionen (53 %) gaben eine Rückmeldung. Bei der Lentektomie wurde in 75 % ein Zugang über die Vorderkammer gewählt, der periphere Kapselring wurde in 94 % belassen, eine myope Einstellung der postoperativen Kontaktlinse wurde in 76 % gewählt. Nach IOL-Implantation wurde eine Nachstarprophylaxe mit Hinterkapseleröffnung und vorderer Vitrektomie in 83 % durchgeführt, zumeist bis zum sechsten Lebensjahr (87 %). Eine Institution implantierte ab dem 6. Lebensmonat, 50 % ab zwei Jahren, 37 % zwischen drei und sechs Jahren. Eine hyperope Refraktion zum Ausgleich des Myopic shift wurde von 62 % gewählt. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Behandlung der kindlichen Katarakt ist in Deutschland sehr heterogen. Offene Fragen zum optimalen Vorgehen könnten durch klinische Studien beantwortet werden.
Abstract
Background: Among ophthalmologists congenital cataract appears to be treated very differently with regard to surgical technique and postoperative care. Most discussed items are the optimal time points for lensectomy and intraocular lens implantation, the surgical approach (via anterior chamber or pars plana), details of secondary cataract prophylaxis and the refractive adjustment. Materials and Methods: We conducted a written survey of 113 eye hospitals or private ophthalmic surgeons in Germany on details of the congenital cataract treatment in 2005. Results: We received feedback from 60 institutions (53 % response rate). The favoured approach for lensectomy was the anterior chamber (75 %). 95 % of institutions leave the capsular ring intact. The refraction of the postoperative contact lens was mainly chosen to be myopic (76 %). Intraocular lens implantation was perfomed mostly from an age of two years onwards (50 %) or between three and six years (37 %). Only one institution implanted from the sixth month of life. In order to compensate for the myopic shift 62 % chose a hyperopic lens refraction at implantation. Conclusions: The treatment of congenital cataracts in Germany is performed rather heterogeneously. More clinical studies are required to answer the open questions.
Schlüsselwörter
Katarakt - Kind - Lentektomie - Nachstar - Kontaktlinse - Myopic shift
Key words
cataract - congenital - lensectomy - secondary cataract - contact lens - myopic shift
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Dr. Christian Noack
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