Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Untersucht wurde, inwieweit sich das Peeling der Membrana limitans interna (ILM) bei Patienten mit diabetischem Makulaödem ohne nachweisbare epimakuläre Proliferationen oder Zellophanmakulopathie und ohne Erfolg nach zentraler Laserkoagulation auf den Visusverlauf auswirkt. Patienten und Methoden: In einer prospektiven Studie untersuchten wir 10 Augenpaare mit gleichem Schweregrad und gleicher Dauer der diabetischen Makulopathie. Die postoperativen Kontrolluntersuchungen wurden über 6 Monate hinaus durchgeführt. Es wurden bilaterale Vitrektomien mit und ohne ILM-Peeling durchgeführt. Die ILM wurde mit ungefähr 0,3 ml der Trypan-Blue, 0,2 %, gefärbt. Die Ergebnisse wurden mittels Biomikroskopie, OCT und Visus aufgezeichnet und verglichen. Intra -und postoperative Komplikationen wurden dokumentiert. Ergebnisse: Am Anfang, am Auge mit dem ILM-Peeling war die am besten korrigierte Sehschärfe (BCVA) von 20/50 bis 20/400 (Mittelwert 20/110) und die Makulastärke von 430 bis 840 µm (Mittelwert 618 µm), und am Auge ohne ILM-Peeling war die BCVA von 20/40 bis 20/400 (Mittelwert 20/120) und die Makulastärke von 390 bis 910 µm (Mittelwert 623 µm). Es gab keinen statistisch signifikanten Unterschied zwischen beiden Gruppen im Anfangsvisus (p = 0,4691, Wilcoxon-rank-sum-Test) sowie in der Makulastärke (p = 0,8204, Wilcoxon-rank-sum-Test). Die Kontrolluntersuchungen nach 6 Monaten zeigten, dass der Mittelwert der BCVA sich bedeutend in beiden Gruppen verbesserte, von 20/110 zu 20/60 (p = 0,0427, Wilcoxon-signed-rank-Test) in den Augen mit dem ILM-Peeling, und von 20/120 zu 20/80 (p = 0,0482, Wilcoxon-signed-rank-Test) in den Augen ohne den ILM-Peeling. Der Mittelwert der Makulastärke reduzierte sich signifikant von 618 µm zu 265 µm (p = 0,0050) in den Augen nach dem ILM-Peeling und von 623 µm zu 311 µm (p = 0,0050) in den Augen ohne den Peeling. Der Visus verbesserte sich um zwei oder mehr Linien in 5 Augen (50 %) beider Gruppen. Kein statistisch signifikanter Unterschied in der Visusverbesserung (BCVA) und Makulastärkeverringerung (Wilcoxon-rank-sum-Test, p = 0,9083, respektiv p = 0,2720) wurde bemerkt. In einem Auge entstand ein Makulaforamen infolge der Ruptur einer größeren Zyste während des ILM-Peelings. Schlussfolgerung: Die Vitrektomie mit oder ohne ILM-Peeling kann den Visus verbessern und die Makulastärke verringern. Es wurde nicht festgestellt, dass das ILM-Peeling die Sehstärkeverbesserung nach der Operation weiter verbessern kann. Eine größere Studie ist nötig, um festzustellen, ob das ILM-Peeling während der Operation für das diabetische Makulaödem ohne epimakuläre Proliferationen oder Zellophanmakulopathie notwendig ist.
Abstract
Purpose : The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling in eyes with diabetic macular edema (DME) but without evident epimacular proliferation or cellophane maculopathy that were unresponsive to laser photocoagulation. Secondly we wanted to determine whether ILM peeling is always essential in DME surgery and whether it improves the functional outcome. Patients and Methods : In a prospective controlled study, ten patients with similar degrees and duration of DME in both eyes were followed-up for more than 6 months after bilateral vitrectomy with and without ILM peeling. Trypan blue 0.2 % was used to stain the ILM during surgery. We evaluated the anatomic outcome as detected by bimicroscopic evaluation and optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the visual outcome. Intraoperatively and postoperatively any complications occurring were documented. Results : Baseline BCVA and foveal thickness ranged, respectively, from 20/50 to 20/400 (mean 20/110) and 430 to 840 µm (mean 618) in eyes that underwent ILM peeling, 20/40 to 20/400 (mean 20/120) and 390 to 910 µm (mean 623 µm) in eyes without ILM peeling. There were no significant differences between the both groups in baseline BCVA (P = 0.4691, Wilcoxon rank sum test) or foveal thickness (P = 0.8204, Wilcoxon rank sum test). At six-months follow-up, mean BCVA improved significantly in both groups, from 20/110 to 20/60 (P = 0.0427, Wilcoxon signed rank test) in eyes that underwent ILM peeling and from 20/120 to 20/80 (P = 0.0482, Wilcoxon signed rank test) in eyes without ILM peeling. Mean foveal thickness decreased significantly from 618 to 265 (P = 0.0050) in eyes with ILM peeling and from 623 to 311 (P = 0.0050) in eyes without ILM peeling. Visual acuity improved by two or more lines in five eyes (50 %) of each group. There were no significant differences in the improvement of BCVA and decreasing of foveal thickness between the both groups (Wilcoxon rank sum test, P = 0.9083, P = 0.2720, respectively). Cyst rupture with formation of macular hole was documented in one eye after ILM peeling. Conclusions : Vitrectomy with or without ILM peeling may improve BCVA and decrease foveal thickness. ILM peeling was not found to enhance the improvement of VA postoperatively. A larger study is required to determine whether ILM peeling is essential in surgery for DME without epimacular proliferation or cellophane maculopathy.
Schlüsselwörter
Diabetisches Makulaödem - Pars-Plana-Vitrektomie - ILM-Peeling - Membrana limitans interna
Key words
Diabetic macular edema - pars plana vitrectomy - ILM peeling - internal limiting membrane peeling
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MU Dr. Tarek Aboutable
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