Die protektive Rolle von Vitamin E bei der UV-induzierten Alterung der Haut (Photoaging)

Zusammenfassung

Die Haut schützt den Körper vor äußeren Einflüssen (Wärme, Kälte, Verdunstung, UV-Strahlung, etc.). Sie ist als Organ sehr komplex und aus verschiedenen Schichten aufgebaut. Zum Schutz funktionell und strukturell wichtiger Biomoleküle (Lipide, Proteine, Nukleinsäuren) vor Schädigung durch reaktive Sauerstoffspezies (ROS) hat die menschliche Haut im Laufe der Evolution ein komplexes Abwehrsystem entwickelt. Es besteht aus lipophilen und hydrophilen, enzymatischen und nicht-enzymatischen antioxidativen Komponenten und wird als das »antioxidative Netzwerk der Haut« bezeichnet. Vitamin E nimmt als lipophiles Antioxidans eine entscheidende Rolle in diesem System ein. So schützt es die Oberflächenlipide vor der Schädigung durch UV-induzierte Lipidperoxidation. Hauteigene, aber auch systemische und topische antioxidative Strategien sind in der Lage, den oxidativen Schaden insbesondere in der UV-exponierten Haut signifikant zu begrenzen. Die in der vorliegenden Arbeit vorgestellten Ergebnisse stellen den kombinierten Einsatz von Antioxidantien und UV-Filtern zur Prävention UV-induzierter Hautschädigung auf eine wissenschaftliche Basis.

Summary

The skin is frequently and directly exposed to a prooxidative environment, including ultraviolet radiation, drugs, and air pollution. Besides external inducers of oxidative attack, the skin has to cope with endogenous generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other free radicals. To counteract the oxidative injuries of structural molecules (lipids, nucleic acids, proteins) caused by ROS, the skin possesses a variety of antioxidant mechanisms. Together, they form a powerful »antioxidative network«. It comprises lipophilic and hydrophilic, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative components. Vitamin E plays a major role in this system, protecting not only the membranes of cutaneous cells, but also the lipophilic components of the stratum corneum and skin surface lipids against lipid peroxidation. Besides natural antioxidative strategies of the skin, topical and systemic applications are able to significantly prevent oxidative damage in UV-exposed skin. Thus, basic and clinical research on the photoprotective properties of antioxidants in skin may help to increase the efficacy of modern sunscreen formulations.

Schlüsselwörter

Photoaging - Hautalterung - Stratum corneum - oxidativer Stress - Tocopherol - Vitamin E - Antioxidantien - Barriere - UV-Licht

Key words

Photoaging - cutaneous degeneration - stratum corneum - oxidative stress - tocopherol - vitamin E - antioxidants - barrier - UV rays

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