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DOI: 10.1055/s-2003-38853
Ernährungsmedizin zur Vorbeugung und Behandlung der Osteoporose
Nutritional medicine in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosisPublication History
eingereicht: 16.12.2002
akzeptiert: 22.2.2003
Publication Date:
24 April 2003 (online)

Das Skelett hat neben seiner Aufgabe als Stützorgan auch die Funktion eines Mineralienspeichers und eines Säure-Basen-Puffers. Aus diesem Grund kann ein Defizit in der Ernährung mit mangelhafter Zufuhr von Kalzium zu einem Knochenabbau führen, um über die Mobilisierung des Skelettkalziums die Kalzium-Konzentration in der Zirkulation zu stabilisieren. Auch eine unzureichende Ausscheidung von sauren Valenzen über die Nieren, die Lunge oder eine übermäßige nutritive Säurezufuhr kann einen verstärkten Kochenabbau bewirken. Unabhängig von diesen generellen metabolischen Einflüssen können Nahrungsbestandteile auch spezifische Effekte auf den Knochenstoffwechsel haben. Hierzu sind z. B. Vitamine (D und K) und Phytoöstrogene zu zählen. Schließlich sind zur Ernährung im weiteren Sinne auch die Genussmittel zu rechnen, die den Knochenstoffwechsel beeinflussen. Im Folgenden soll auf die Bedeutung der einzelnen Nahrungsbestandteile im Hinblick auf das Osteoporoserisiko eingegangen werden, unter Berücksichtigung der wissenschaftlichen Beweislage.
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