Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren: Aktuelle Indikationen und mögliche zukünftige Konzepte

Abstract

Immuno-oncological therapy concepts have already achieved great success in the treatment of a number of advanced malignancies, thereby rapidly gaining access to clinical practice. Immuncheckpoint inhibitors are also being reviewed in the adjuvant setting. In malignant melanoma, they have already shown efficacy. Different combination strategies of Immuncheckpoint inhibitors are currently undergoing clinical evaluation to further improve treatment outcomes. However, this has so far also been associated with a significantly increased immune-mediated rate of side effects. Effective and safe immuno-oncology requires good clinical management of immune-mediated side effects. Radiological assessment is challenging under immunotherapy and requires new standards (iRECIST). Encouraging is the fact that immunotherapy also causes long-term remissions in some of the patients. This raises the hope for a fundamentally curative potential of immuno-oncological therapeutic approaches.

Immunonkologische Konzepte haben in den letzten Jahren Einzug in die klinische Routinebehandlung gehalten. Entitätsübergreifend werden sie bei einer Reihe von fortgeschrittenen Tumorerkrankungen eingesetzt. Eine Übersicht der aktuell zugelassenen Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitoren sowie eine Auswahl aktueller und zukünftiger Therapiemöglichkeiten und Besonderheiten des klinischen Managements bei immunonkologischen Behandlungen zeigt dieser Beitrag.

Schlüsselwörter

Immunonkologie - malignes Melanom - abskopaler Effekt - Radioonkologie - Langzeitremission

Key words

immuno-oncology - malignant melanoma - abscopic effect - radio-oncology - long-term remission

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