Eur J Pediatr Surg 2020; 30(01): 122-126
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1695790
Original Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Clinical Factors in Trunk Capillary Malformations in the Neonate: When to Suspect Other Associated Malformations? A Case–Control Study

Carlos Delgado-Miguel
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
,
Miriam Vicente
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
,
Antonio Jesus Serrano-Muñoz
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
,
Miriam Miguel-Ferrero
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
,
Mercedes Diaz
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
,
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
,
Juan Carlos López-Gutiérrez
2   Division of Vascular Anomalies, Department of Pediatric Surgery, La Paz Children's Hospital, Madrid, Spain
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

15 May 2019

04 July 2019

Publication Date:
06 October 2019 (online)

Abstract

Introduction Capillary malformations (CMs) can be sporadic or syndromic, in association with other underlying venous malformation (VM) or lymphatic malformation (LM). The objective of this study is to describe the clinical patterns in the neonate that allow us to differentiate sporadic CMs from those associated with other vascular malformations.

Materials and Methods A case–control study was performed in neonates with CM located in the trunk, followed at our institution between 2008 and 2018. The patients were divided into two groups: group A (cases: CM associated with VM or LM) and group B (controls: sporadic CM without associated malformations). Demographic and clinical variables collected in the clinical history were evaluated (color, location, multifocality, bilaterality, position regarding the vascular axis, and involvement of the midline).

Results Thirty-eight patients were included (18 cases and 20 controls) without differences in gender and age. In group A, the totality of patients presented CM with uniform color and lateral location (p < 0.001). In this group, bilateral and multifocal involvements were lower than in group B, without significant differences between both groups. The distribution of CMs in group A was always parallel to the vascular axis and the midline was always respected, without observing these characteristics in the group B (p < 0.001).

Conclusion The presence of a CM in the trunk of a neonate with uniform color, lateral location, parallel position to the vascular axis, and absence of involvement of the midline should make us suspect other underlying vascular malformations, which should be studied with complementary tests.

 
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