Functional Abdominal Wall Reconstruction Using an Innervated Abdominal Wall Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft: A Cadaveric Study and Review of the Literature

Justin M. Broyles; Jens Berli; Sami H. Tuffaha; Karim A. Sarhane; Damon S. Cooney; Frederic E. Eckhauser; W. P. Andrew Lee; Gerald Brandacher; Devinder P. Singh; Justin M. Sacks

doi:10.1055/s-0034-1381958

Journal of Reconstructive Microsurgery, Inhaltsverzeichnis

J Reconstr Microsurg 2015; 31(01): 039-044
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1381958

Original Article

Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Functional Abdominal Wall Reconstruction Using an Innervated Abdominal Wall Vascularized Composite Tissue Allograft: A Cadaveric Study and Review of the Literature

Justin M. Broyles

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

²Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

,

Jens Berli

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

²Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

,

Sami H. Tuffaha

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

²Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

,

Karim A. Sarhane

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

,

Damon S. Cooney

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

,

Frederic E. Eckhauser

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

,

W. P. Andrew Lee

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

,

Gerald Brandacher

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

,

Devinder P. Singh

²Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

,

Justin M. Sacks

¹Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland

› Institutsangaben

Abstract

Background Large, composite abdominal wall defects represent complex problems requiring a multidisciplinary approach for reconstruction. Abdominal wall vascularized composite allotransplantation (AW-VCA) has been successfully performed in 21 patients, already receiving solid organ transplants, to provide immediate abdominal closure. The current study aims to establish a novel anatomic model for AW-VCA that retains motor and sensory function in an effort to preserve form and function while preventing complications.

Methods Three fresh cadaver torsos were obtained. Dissection was started in the midaxillary line bilaterally through the skin and subcutaneous fascia until the external oblique was encountered. The thoracolumbar nerves were identified and measurements were obtained. A peritoneal dissection from the costal margin to pubic symphysis was performed and the vascular pedicle was identified for subsequent microsurgical anastomosis.

Results The mean size of the abdominal wall graft harvested was 615 ± 120 cm². The mean time of abdominal wall procurement was ∼150 ± 12 minutes. The mean number of thoracolumbar nerves identified was 5 ± 1.4 on each side. The mean length of the skeletonized thoracolumbar nerves was 7.8 ± 1.7 cm. The cross-sectional diameter of all nerves as they entered the rectus abdominis was greater than 2 mm.

Conclusions Motor function and sensory recovery is expected in other forms of vascularized composite allotransplantation, such as the hand or face; however, this has never been tested in AW-VCA. This study demonstrates feasibility for the transplantation of large, composite abdominal wall constructs that potentially retains movement, strength, and sensation through neurotization of both sensory and motor nerves.

Keywords

vascularized composite allotransplant - abdominal wall transplant - abdominal wall reconstruction - innervation of abdominal wall

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Referenzen

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