Persönlichkeitsmodell nach Cloninger und Hochrisiko-Rückfallsituationen bei alkoholabhängigen Männern

Zusammenfassung

Einleitung: Das Ziel der Studie war es, den Zusammenhang zwischen Charakter- und Temperamentsmerkmalen nach R. Cloninger und die Intensivität des Alkoholkonsums in Hochrisiko-Rückfallsituationen zu untersuchen.

Methode: Es wurden 74 männliche Patienten zu Beginn ihrer Entwöhnungstherapie untersucht. Das Temperament- und Charakterinventar (TCI) von R. Cloninger und der Fragebogen zur Analyse von Risikosituationen von H. Annis wurden angewandt.

Ergebnisse: Eine statistisch relevante Korrela­tion zwischen Temperament- und Charaktermerkmalen und allen Hochrisikosituationen wurde festgestellt. Lediglich Temperamentsmerkmale zeigten sich in der Regressionsanalyse als Prädiktoren für einen höheren Konsum in Situationen, welche mit unangenehmen und angenehmen Emotionen verbunden waren. In anderen Situa­tionen waren auch Charaktermerkmale von Bedeutung. Die meisten Zusammenhänge wurden zwischen dem Temperamentsmerkmal „Neugierverhalten“ („novelty-seeking“) und der Charakterdimension „Selbstlenkungsfähigkeit“ gefunden.

Schlussfolgerungen: Unsere Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass eine Persönlichkeitsdiagnostik in Kombination mit der Identifizierung von Hochrisikosituationen für eine Optimierung des psychotherapeutischen Verfahrens in der Behandlung von Suchterkrankungen von hoher Bedeutung ist.

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to answer the question on the relationship between dimensions of temperament and character according to R. Cloninger and the intensity of alcohol drinking in high-risk situations.

Materials and methods: The study involved 74 men starting therapy. Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) by R. Cloninger and Inventory of Drinking Situations by H. Annis were used.

Results: Statistically significant correlations were obtained between dimensions of temperament and character and all high-risk situations. Regression analysis showed that merely temperamental variables are the predictors of drinking in the presence of unpleasant and pleasant emotions. In other situations, the determinants were also character variables. Most relationships were demonstrated with a temperament dimension called novelty seeking and a character dimension of self-directedness.

Conclusions: The obtained results indicate the need for patients’ diagnosis within personality and situations of high risk in order to optimize addiction psychotherapy.

Schlüsselwörter

Alkoholabhängigkeit - Temperament und Charakter­ nach Cloninger - Hochrisikosituationen

Key words

alcohol dependence - temperament and character by Cloninger - high-risk situations

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