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Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2013; 34(04): 459-474
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1351121
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Genetic Heterogeneity and Risk of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Nuala J. Meyer
1   Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
,
Jason D. Christie
1   Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
2   Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
11 August 2013 (online)

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Abstract

Genetic variation explains some of the observed heterogeneity in patients' risk for developing the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Although the lack of extant family pedigrees for ARDS precludes an estimate of heritability of the syndrome, ARDS may function as a pattern of response to injury or infection, traits that exhibit strong heritability. A total of 34 genes have now been reported to influence ARDS susceptibility, the majority of which arose as candidate genes based on the current pathophysiological understanding of ARDS, with particular focus on inflammation and endothelial or epithelial injury. In addition, novel candidate genes have emerged from agnostic genetic approaches, including genome-wide association studies, orthologous gene expression profiling across animal models of lung injury, and human peripheral blood gene expression data. The genetic risk for ARDS seems to vary both by ancestry and by the subtype of ARDS, suggesting that both factors may be valid considerations in clinical trial design.

Keywords

genetic association study - genetic variation - polymorphism - ARDS - ALI
 

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