Die Rolle der retinalen Mikrozirkulation in der Hypertonie

Schlüsselwörter

Retina - Mikrozirkulation

Keywords

retina - microcirculation

• Literatur

• 1 Awua-Larbi S, Wong TY, Cotch MF et al. Retinal arteriolar caliber and urine albumin excretion: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2011; 26: 3523-3528
• 2 Baleanu D, Ritt M, Harazny J et al. Wall-to-lumen ratio of retinal arterioles and arteriole-to-venule ratio of retinal vessels in patients with cerebrovascular damage. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2009; 50: 4351-4359
• 3 Baumann M, Schwarz S, Kotliar K et al. Non-diabetic chronic kidney disease influences retinal microvasculature. Kidney & blood pressure research 2009; 32: 428-433
• 4 Bettermann K, Slocomb JE, Shivkumar V et al. Retinal vasoreactivity as a marker for chronic ischemic white matter disease?. J Neurol Sci 2012; doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2012.05.041
• 5 Blacher J, Guerin AP, Pannier B et al. Impact of aortic stiffness on survival in end-stage renal disease. Circulation 1999; 99: 2434-2439
• 6 Cooper LS, Wong TY, Klein R et al. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and MRI-defined subclinical cerebral infarction: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Stroke 2006; 37: 82-86
• 7 Cruickshank K, Riste L, Anderson SG et al. Aortic pulse-wave velocity and its relationship to mortality in diabetes and glucose intolerance: an integrated index of vascular function?. Circulation 2002; 106: 2085-2090
• 8 Dao HH, Martens FM, Lariviere R et al. Transient involvement of endothelin in hypertrophic remodeling of small arteries. J Hypertens 2001; 19: 1801-1812
• 9 De Ciuceis C, Porteri E, Rizzoni D et al. Structural alterations of subcutaneous small-resistance arteries may predict major cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2007; 20: 846-852
• 10 Delles C, Michelson G, Harazny J et al. Impaired endothelial function of the retinal vasculature in hypertensive patients. Stroke 2004; 35: 1289-1293
• 11 Doubal FN, Hokke PE, Wardlaw JM. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and stroke: a systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2009; 80: 158-165
• 12 Edwards MS, Wilson DB, Craven TE et al. Associations between retinal microvascular abnormalities and declining renal function in the elderly population: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Am J Kidney Dis 2005; 46: 214-224
• 13 Eisner A, Samples JR. Flicker sensitivity and cardiovascular function in healthy middle-aged people. Arch Ophthalmol 2000; 118: 1049-1055
• 14 Endemann D, Touyz RM, Li JS et al. Altered angiotensin II-induced small artery contraction during the development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am J Hypertens 1999; 12: 716-723
• 15 Greenstein AS, Price A, Sonoyama K et al. Eutrophic remodeling of small arteries in type 1 diabetes mellitus is enabled by metabolic control: a 10-year follow-up study. Hypertension 2009; 54: 134-141
• 16 Harazny JM, Raff U, Welzenbach J et al. New software analyses increase the reliability of measurements of retinal arterioles morphology by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry in humans. J Hypertens 2011; 29: 777-782
• 17 Harazny JM, Ritt M, Baleanu D et al. Increased wall:lumen ratio of retinal arterioles in male patients with a history of a cerebrovascular event. Hypertension 2007; 50: 623-629
• 18 Ikram MK, de Jong FJ, Vingerling JR et al. Are retinal arteriolar or venular diameters associated with markers for cardiovascular disorders? The Rotterdam Study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004; 45: 2129-2134
• 19 Izzard AS, Rizzoni D, Agabiti-Rosei E et al. Small artery structure and hypertension: adaptive changes and target organ damage. J Hypertens 2005; 23: 247-250
• 20 Klein R, Klein BE, Knudtson MD et al. Are inflammatory factors related to retinal vessel caliber? The Beaver Dam Eye Study. Arch Ophthalmol 2006; 124: 87-94
• 21 Kotliar K, Nagel E, Vilser W et al. Microstructural alterations of retinal arterial blood column along the vessel axis in systemic hypertension. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010; 51: 2165-2172
• 22 Kotliar KE, Baumann M, Vilser W et al. Pulse wave velocity in retinal arteries of healthy volunteers. Br J Ophthalmol 2010; 95: 675-679
• 23 Kotliar KE, Lanzl IM, Hanssen H et al. Does increased blood pressure rather than aging influence retinal pulse wave velocity?. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012; 53: 2119-2126
• 24 Kotliar KE, Vilser W, Nagel E. Retinal vessel reaction in response to chromatic flickering light. Albrecht von Graefes Arch Klin Exp Ophthalmol 2004; 242: 377-392
• 25 Laurent S, Cockcroft J, Van Bortel L et al. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications. Eur Heart J 2006; 27: 2588-2605
• 26 Leung H, Wang JJ, Rochtchina E et al. Impact of current and past blood pressure on retinal arteriolar diameter in an older population. J Hypertens 2004; 22: 1543-1549
• 27 Longstreth Jr W, Larsen EK, Klein R et al. Associations between findings on cranial magnetic resonance imaging and retinal photography in the elderly: the Cardiovascular Health Study. Am J Epidemiol 2007; 165: 78-84
• 28 Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A et al. 2007 Guidelines for the Management of Arterial Hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). J Hypertens 2007; 25: 1105-1187
• 29 Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A et al. 2007 Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2007; 28: 1462-1536
• 30 Masaidi M, Cuspidi C, Giudici V et al. Is retinal arteriolar-venular ratio associated with cardiac and extracardiac organ damage in essential hypertension?. J Hypertens 2009; 27: 1277-1283
• 31 Michelson G, Harazny J, Schmieder RE et al. Fourier analysis of the envelope of the ophthalmic artery blood flow velocity: age- and blood pressure related impact. Hypertension 2007; 50: 964-969
• 32 Michelson G, Warntges S, Harazny J et al. Effect of nos inhibition on retinal arterial and capillary circulation in early arterial hypertension. Retina 2006; 26: 437-444
• 33 Mitchell P, Cheung N, de Haseth K et al. Blood pressure and retinal arteriolar narrowing in children. Hypertension 2007; 49: 1156-1162
• 34 Mitchell P, Wang JJ, Wong TY et al. Retinal microvascular signs and risk of stroke and stroke mortality. Neurology 2005; 65: 1005-1009
• 35 Mulvany MJ. Small artery remodelling in hypertension: causes, consequences and therapeutic implications. Med Biol Eng Comput 2008; 46: 461-467
• 36 Nagel E, Vilser W, Lanzl I. Age, blood pressure, and vessel diameter as factors influencing the arterial retinal flicker response. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004; 45: 1486-1492
• 37 Pose-Reino A, Gomez-Ulla F, Hayik B et al. Computerized measurement of retinal blood vessel calibre: description, validation and use to determine the influence of ageing and hypertension. J Hypertens 2005; 23: 843-850
• 38 Ritt M, Harazny JM, Ott C et al. Analysis of retinal arteriolar structure in never-treated patients with essential hypertension. J Hypertens 2008; 26: 1427-1434
• 39 Ritt M, Harazny JM, Ott C et al. Impaired increase of retinal capillary blood flow to flicker light exposure in arterial hypertension. Hypertension 2012;
• 40 Rizzoni D, Porteri E, Boari GE et al. Prognostic significance of small-artery structure in hypertension. Circulation 2003; 108: 2230-2235
• 41 Rizzoni D, Porteri E, Duse S et al. Relationship between media-to-lumen ratio of subcutaneous small arteries and wall-to-lumen ratio of retinal arterioles evaluated noninvasively by scanning laser Doppler flowmetry. J Hypertens 2012; 30: 1169-1175
• 42 Sabanayagam C, Shankar A, Koh D et al. Retinal microvascular caliber and chronic kidney disease in an Asian population. Am J Epidemiol 2009; 169: 625-632
• 43 Smith RD, Yokoyama H, Averill DB et al. The protective effects of angiotensin II blockade with olmesartan medoxomil on resistance vessel remodeling (The VIOS study): rationale and baseline characteristics. Am J Cardiovasc Drugs 2006; 6: 335-342
• 44 Stanton AV, Wasan B, Cerutti A et al. Vascular network changes in the retina with age and hypertension. J Hypertens 1995; 13: 1724-1728
• 45 Struijker-Boudier HA. Retinal microcirculation and early mechanisms of hypertension. Hypertension 2008; 51: 821-822
• 46 van den Born BJ, Hulsman CA, Hoekstra JB et al. Value of routine funduscopy in patients with hypertension: systematic review. BMJ 2005; 331: 73
• 47 Wang L, Wong TY, Sharrett AR. Relationship between retinal arteriolar narrowing and myocardial perfusion: multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis. Hypertension 2008; 51: 119-126
• 48 Wong TY, Coresh J, Klein R et al. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and renal dysfunction: the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: 2469-2476
• 49 Wong TY, Klein R, Couper DJ et al. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and incident stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Lancet 2001; 358: 1134-1140
• 50 Wong TY, Klein R, Nieto FJ et al. Retinal microvascular abnormalities and 10-year cardiovascular mortality: a population-based case-control study. Ophthalmology 2003; 110: 933-940
• 51 Wong TY, Klein R, Sharrett AR et al. Retinal arteriolar narrowing and risk of coronary heart disease in men and women. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. JAMA 2002; 287: 1153-1159
• 52 Wong TY, Knudtson MD, Klein R et al. A prospective cohort study of retinal arteriolar narrowing and mortality. American journal of epidemiology 2004; 159: 819-825
• 53 Wong TY, Shankar A, Klein R et al. Prospective cohort study of retinal vessel diameters and risk of hypertension. BMJ 2004; 329: 79