Endoscopy 2011; 43(11): 971-977
DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1291429
DDW Highlights
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Gastrointestinal bleeding

T. A. Marek
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
04 November 2011 (online)

Gastrointestinal bleeding remains one of the most important emergencies in gastroenterology. Despite this, only about 100 abstracts concerning gastrointestinal bleeding (excluding bleeding complicating endoscopic procedures) were presented at this year’s Digestive Disease Week (DDW; 7 – 10 May 2011; Chicago, Illinois, USA), accounting for less than 2 % of all presented lectures and posters. It seems that the number of such abstracts has been decreasing over recent years. This may be due in part to the high level of medical care already achieved, especially in the areas of pharmacotherapy and endoscopic treatment of gastrointestinal bleeding. In this review of gastrointestinal bleeding, priority has been given to large epidemiological studies reflecting “real life,” and abstracts dealing more or less directly with endoscopic management.

 
  • References

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  • 3 Lim N, Lidofsky SD, Ganguly EK. Hospitalization rates for variceal hemorrhage in the era of prophylactic beta blockers and band ligation. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S917
  • 4 Casado-Arroyo R, Polo-Tomás M, Roncales P et al. Lower GI bleeding is more common than upper on dual antiplatelet therapy when PPI use is high: long-term follow-up of a 1221 patient cohort. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 137-138
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  • 7 Hyett B, Kumar N, Charpentier J et al. A novel upper gastrointestinal bleeding score (AIMS65) is more accurate than the modified Blatchford score in predicting mortality and rebleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB225-226
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  • 9 Marmo R, Del Piano M, Rotondano G et al. Mortality from non-ulcer bleeding is similar to that of ulcer bleeding in high-risk patients with nonvariceal hemorrhage: a prospective database study in Italy. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB120
  • 10 Marmo R, DelPiano M, Rotondano G et al. Mortality from nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: is it time to differentiate the timing of endoscopy?. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB224
  • 11 Jensen DM, Kovacs TO, Ohning GV et al. Flat spots in peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB) – some have a high risk of rebleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB119
  • 12 Ahn DW, Lee S, Park YS et al. Hemostatic efficacy and clinical outcome of endoscopic treatment for Dieulafoy’s lesions: comparison between endoscopic hemoclip placement and endoscopic band ligation. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB121
  • 13 Sebkova L, Rodino S, D’Amico T et al. Endoscopic treatment of watermelon stomach: argon plasma coagulation versus band ligation. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB230
  • 14 Park SJ, Park H, Lee YC et al. Effect of scheduled second-look endoscopy on peptic ulcer bleeding: interim analysis of a prospective randomized multicenter trial in Korea. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB223
  • 15 Jairath V, Logan RF, Hearnshaw S et al. What role does surgery play in the modern day management of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding?. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 45-46
  • 16 Salami A, Ditah IC, El-Khider FA et al. Variceal band ligation versus beta blockers in the primary prophylaxis of variceal bleeding: has recent evidence shifted our opinion? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 208-209
  • 17 Saleem A, Buttar N, Rajan E et al. Efficacy and safety of 2-octyl-cyanoacrylate injection for the treatment of gastric variceal hemorrhage. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB210
  • 18 Ishii N, Fujita Y. Endoscopic treatment for colonic diverticular hemorrhage: from endoscopic clipping to endoscopic band ligation. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB292
  • 19 Botten RJ, DiMatteo AC, Butters J et al. Randomised trial of argon plasma coagulation (APC) therapy versus topical formalin for persistent rectal bleeding and anorectal dysfunction after radiation therapy (RT) for carcinoma of the prostate (CAP). Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S796
  • 20 Bon C, Vincent M, Bejou B et al. Long acting somatostatin analogues decrease blood transfusion requirement in patients with refractory gastrointestinal bleeding related to angiodysplasia. First results of a pilot study. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S564
    • Additional References

      • Epidemiology and risk factors

      • 21 Musumba CO, Van Eker D, Jorgensen A et al. Changing trends in peptic ulcer disease: the rise of NSAID-induced and fall of Helicobacter pylori-induced ulcers. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S176
        • Anticoagulants and APAs

        • 22 Butnariu M, Goodman AJ, O’Brien DP et al. Aspirin at discharge in concomitant acute myocardial infarction and gastrointestinal bleeding in a predominantly african american inner city population. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB237
        • 23 Ito M, Yoshioka M, Ishiyama S et al. Emerging risk of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage along with combinations of NSAIDs and antithrombotic therapy. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S586
        • 24 Kuipers EJ, Hill C. Risk factors for upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients using low-dose acetylsalicylic acid: a systematic literature analysis. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S174
        • 25 Lanas A, Polo-Tomás M, Casado-Arroyo R. Aspirin CV/GI risk calculator, a tool to help physicians to decide prescription in clinical practice. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S174
        • 26 Miyake K, Kusunoki M, Ueki N et al. Impact of antithrombotic agents on potential bleeding from endoscopically-determined peptic ulcers in rheumatoid arthritis patients (RA) treated with long-term nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) therapy. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB240-241
        • 27 Rangasamy P, Vaziri H, Rustagi T et al. Aspirin use is negatively correlated with the need for therapeutic endoscopy in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S397
        • 28 Ratnarajah S, Young GP, Esterman A et al. Celecoxib is not associated with an increased risk in a population presenting with upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 586-587
        • 29 Shiotani A, Murao T, Tsutsui H et al. SLCO1B1*1b haplotype is associated with risk of aspirin induced peptic ulcer and bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S173
        • 30 Suehiro T. Gastrointestinal bleeding associated with antithrombotic therapy in the elderly in Japan. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S359
        • 31 van Soest EM, Valkhoff VE, Mazzaglia G et al. Suboptimal gastroprotective coverage of NSAID use and the risk of upper gastrointestinal complications. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S45
        • End-stage renal disease

        • 32 Ahmad S, Ali M, Afzal U et al. Nationwide outcomes of non variceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in patients with end stage renal disease. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S46
        • 33 Ali M, Ahmad S, Kumar G et al. Non-variceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage in chronic kidney disease patients: a nationwide analysis. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S389
        • 34 Parasa S, Mahankali S, Arun R et al. Impact of end stage renal disease on outcomes of patients hospitalized with peptic ulcer disease bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S46
        • Left ventricular assist devices

        • 35 Islam S, Cevik C, Islam E et al. Left ventricular assist devices and gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB217
        • 36 Kushnir VM, Sharma S, Seccombe J et al. Evaluation of gastrointestinal bleeding following implantation of left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S739
        • 37 Menard-Katcher P, Brisco MA, Rame JE et al. Continuous flow and pulsatile left ventricular assist devices associated with similar rates of gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2010; 139 (Suppl. 01) S396
        • Others

        • 38 Huang ES, Khalili H, Strate LL et al. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in two prospective, population-based cohorts. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S137
      • Stratification and prognosis

      • 39 Aguas M, Ortiz V, Sanchez C et al. Influence of coagulation abnormalities on the prognosis of non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (UGB). Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 738-739
      • 40 Charatcharoenwitthaya P, Pausawasdi N, Laosanguaneak N et al. Characteristics and outcomes of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding after therapeutic endoscopy in the elderly. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S741
      • 41 de Groot NL, Siersema PD, van Oijen MG. The quality of prediction scores in gastrointestinal bleeding: a systematic review and quantitative appraisal. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 739-740
      • 42 Horibe M, Sasaki M, Yokota T et al. Validation of a modified Glasgow Blatchford Score (GBS) for prediction of the necessity of urgent endoscopic procedure. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S557
      • 43 Hyett B, Charpentier J, Kumar N et al. Accuracy of intensive care unit triage and assessment of mortality of a novel upper gastrointestinal bleeding score (AIMS65). Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S741
      • 44 Nordstrom C, Karsan SS, Huang ES et al. The effect of thrombocytopenia on outcomes in GI hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S739
      • 45 Okanobu H, Tanaka T, Ohya T. Clinical features of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly: comparison with younger patients. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB240
      • 46 Srygley FD, Gerardo CJ, Tran TH et al. Systematic review of pre-endoscopic factors predictive of upper gastrointestinal bleeding requiring urgent intervention. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S209
      • 47 Zalawadia A, Parekh R, Yaghmour B et al. Validate Glasgow Blatchford Scoring System for detecting high risk patients with non variceal upper gastrointestinal bleed. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S741
      • Differential diagnosis

      • 48 Etzel JP, Williams JL, Lieberman DA et al. Diagnostic yield of colonoscopy for the evaluation of melena following a negative EGD. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB133-134
      • 49 Gralnek IM, Ching J, Maza I et al. Capsule endoscopy (CE) in persons presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH) – a prospective cohort study. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB120
      • 50 Srygley FD, Gerardo CJ, Tran TH et al. Systematic review of clinical factors to differentiate upper gastrointestinal bleeding from lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S209
      • 51 Zolotarevsky E, Singal AG, Prabhakar N et al. Diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy vs. colonoscopy in patients with melena and a negative EGD. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB123
      • Non-variceal UGIB

        • General management

        • 52 Bhavan F, Echelmeyer S, Chahla E et al. Timely endoscopy depends on quality of early resuscitation and pre-endoscopic care in nonvariceal upper GI hemorrhage. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 557-558
        • 53 Jairath V, Kahan B, Dore CJ et al. Uncertainty in transfusion practice for acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB): implications for clinical trial design. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S571
        • 54 Jairath V, Kahan B, Logan RF et al. Red cell transfusion practice in patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding – a survey of 815 clinicians. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S389
        • 55 Taha AS, McCloskey C, Craigen T et al. Mortality following blood transfusion for non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB385
        • Pharmacotherapy

        • 56 Lanas A, Polo-Tomás M, Garcia RodriguezLA et al. Effect of intravenous proton pump inhibitors on outcomes of peptic ulcer bleeding: comparison between event rates in routine clinical practice and clinical trials. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 740-741
        • 57 Lanas A, Polo-Tomás M, Garcia Rodriguez LA et al. Outcomes of peptic ulcer bleeding after treatment with intravenous proton pump inhibitors in routine clinical practice. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S740-S740
        • 58 Magallen MGM, Arguillas MO. The effects of pantoprazole IV drip versus pantoprazole IV bolus on stigmata of recent hemorrhage among patients with nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB120-121
        • 59 Yen HH, Yang CW, Su WW et al. Oral vs intravenous proton pump inhibitors for peptic ulcer bleeding, a preliminary report. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB228
        • Endoscopic hemostasis

        • 60 Chiu YC, Wu KL. Argon plasma coagulation in management of upper gastrointestinal vascular ectasia hemorrhage. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB428
        • 61 Eid EF, Bhore R, Rockey DC. Time to endoscopy and its effect on outcomes in acute upper GI bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB413-414
        • 62 Repaka A, Salah W, Faulx A et al. Prototype forward viewing linear array echoendoscope for management of upper GI bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB104
        • 63 Sato T. Endoscopic treatments for gastric antral vascular ectasia associated with chronic liver disease. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB232
        • 64 Su PY, Yen HH, Yang CW et al. Hemostatic forceps as a rescue therapy for bleeding peptic ulcer: a case series. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB241
        • 65 Toki M, Yamaguchi Y, Nakamura K et al. Utilization of the critical care unit for emergency endoscopic treatment at night or weekends improved the mortality rate for patients with non-variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB230
        • Outcomes

        • 66 Au KWL, Ching J, Wong G et al. Long-term outcome of H. pylori-negative idopathic bleeding ulcers: a prospective cohort study. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S730
        • 67 Chan FKL, Ching J, Suen BY et al. Effect of H. pylori eradication on the long-term incidence of recurrent ulcer bleeding in high-risk aspirin users: a 10-year prospective cohort study. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 173-174
        • 68 Gisbert JP, Calvet X, Cosme A et al. Eradication of Helicobacter pylori for the prevention of peptic ulcer rebleeding. Long-term follow-up study of 890 patients. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 877-878
        • 69 Sekhon G, Patel V, Gregor JC. Resource utilization and cost of hospitalization for acute nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage at a tertiary care hospital in Ontario, Canada. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S207-S207
        • 70 Vazquez-Elizondo G, Gonzalez JA, Garza AA et al. Comparative clinical study of patients with upper non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding from peptic ulcers and Dieulafoy lesions. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB236
      • Variceal bleeding

      • 71 Armengol Bertroli J, Abu-Suboh Abadia M, Peracaula MM et al. Preliminary experience with EUS-guided treatment of acute gastric varices bleeding using a forward-viewing echoendoscope. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB179
      • 72 Choudhary A, Dundulis JA, Winn J et al. Early application of TIPS for variceal bleeding: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S917-S917
      • 73 Gabr M. Management of bleeding ectopic varices in cirrhosis: a single center experience. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB283
      • 74 Gomes GF, Correia LM, Bonilha D et al. Efficacy and safety of endoscopic treatment with cyanoacrylate metacrilosisolfolano without Lipiodol® for gastric varices. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB394-395
      • 75 Kodama M, Uto H, Iwamitsu A et al. Emergency endoscopic hemostasis of ruptured esophagogastric varices increase short term survival of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma accompanied by macroscopic portal vein tumor thrombosis. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S596-S596
      • 76 Villaverde A, Bernedo A, Baldoni F et al. N-2-butyl-cyanoacrilate: an effective option for the treatment of gastric varices. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB277
      • LGIB

      • 77 Awad A, Soliman H, Abou Saif S et al. A prospective randomized comparative study of endoscopic band ligation and sclerotherapy of bleeding internal hemorrhoids in Egyptian patients with liver cirrhosis. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB299
      • 78 Okamoto T, Watabe H, Kobayashi Y et al. Case control study on risk assessment of colonic diverticular bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S288
      • 79 Sato Y, Sagawa T, Ohnuma H et al. Argon plasma coagulation treatment of hemorrhagic radiation proctopathy: the safety, effectiveness, and long-term outcomes. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB288
      • 80 Tian C, Azrak MF, Shehada E et al. Clinical predictors of positive radionucleotide imaging in patients with lower gastrointestinal bleed. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S396
      • 81 Vizuete J, Randall CW, Taboada CM et al. Changing trends in lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage: a rise in frequency of ischemic colitis. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S283
      • Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

        • Capsule endoscopy

        • 82 Koh SJ, Im JP, Kang SJ et al. Long-term outcome in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding after capsule endoscopy. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB463-464
        • 83 Levi Z, Eyal G, Vilkin A et al. Significant small bowel lesions detected on capsule endoscopy are associated with positive fecal immunochemical test in patients with obscure occult gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) 214-215
        • 84 Marelli L, Arokianathan D, Jackson L et al. Capsule endoscopy for obscure occult gastrointestinal bleeding: incidence of pathology detected within reach of a standard gastroscope. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB451-452
        • 85 Matsumura T, Arai M, Tsuboi M et al. Efficacy of computed image modification at capsule endoscopy in the examination of patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB448
        • 86 Ong DE, Ho KY, Poh CK et al. A new and improved version of a novel algorithm of automatic lesion detection and its impact on the diagnostic yield of capsule endoscopy in patients with small bowel gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S760
        • 87 Singh A, Chaudhury B, Marshall CA et al. Does timing of video capsule endoscopy relative to obscure overt gastrointestinal bleed alter diagnostic yield?. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB123-124
        • Enteroscopy

        • 88 Leung YK, Huang Y. Double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) is a reliable diagnostic modality in the management of radionuclide-negative bleeding Meckel’s diverticulum in children. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S446
        • 89 Safatle-Ribeiro AV, Arraes LR, Ishida RK et al. Promptly indication of balloon assisted enteroscopy increases the diagnostic yield in patients with current overt obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB458
        • Pharmacotherapy

        • 90 Michopoulos S, Zampeli E, Giannopoulos C et al. Effective pharmacological management of gastrointestinal vascular lesions with long acting octreotide: a case series. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S388
      • Experimental studies

      • 91 Camus M, Dray X, Bal C et al. A live porcine model of bleeding ulcer. Gastrointest Endosc 2011; 73: AB397
      • 92 Izuhara C, Takayama S, Amagase K et al. A new model of gastric bleeding in rats using co-administration of aspirin plus clopidogrel under stimulation of acid secretion: prophylactic effects of antiulcer drugs. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S912
      • 93 Takayama S, Izuhara C, Takeuchi K. Effects of antiulcer drugs on gastric bleeding induced by co-administration of low dose aspirin and clopidogrel in rats. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S316
      • Miscellaneous topics

      • 94 Bjornsson E, Johansdottir GA, Onundarson PT. Gastrointestinal malignancies and pre-malignant lesions are commonly identified in patients on warfarin who are screened for bleeding with regular full blood counts. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S560
      • 95 Grigg EL, Raja T, Thiruvaiyaru DS et al. Value of telemetry monitoring in the management of patients with gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S394
      • 96 Hafemeister AC, Bhore R, Rockey DC. Acute on chronic gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S740
      • 97 Kijsirichareanchai K, Ngamruengphong S, Radhi S et al. Impact of standardized order sets on physicians’ adherence to AASLD guidelines for patients with cirrhosis and acute gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S552
      • 98 Samala NR, Siddiqi MT, Snyder MC et al. All gastrointestinal bleeds are not purely intestinal in origin. Gastroenterology 2011; 140 (Suppl. 01) S453