Immunintervention zum Betazellerhalt bei Typ-1-Diabetes

Zusammenfassung

Der Typ 1 Diabetes ist eine chronische immune-mediierte Erkrankung, die zur selektiven Zerstörung der Insulin-produzierenden β-Zellen führt. Die Inzidenz des Typ 1 Diabetes steigt weltweit. In den letzten Jahren wurden eine Vielzahl von Studien durchgeführt, um die Krankheitsprogression nach Diagnose (tertiäre Prävention), bei Risikopersonen mit positivem Nachweisvon Typ 1 Diabetes-assoziierten Inselautoantikörpern (sekundäre Prävention) oder bei genetisch prädisponierten Kindern ohne Inselautoantikörper (primäre Prävention) aufzuhalten. Einige Studien zur Tertiärprävention konnten zeigen, dass mittels anti-entzündlicher, T-Zell gerichteter, Antigen-spezifischer Ansätze oder Stammzelltherapie die Krankheitsprogression verlangsamt, jedoch in den meisten Fällen nicht gestoppt oder zur Remission gebracht werden konnte.

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes is a chronic immune mediated disease leading to selective loss of insulin producing ß-cells. The incidence of type 1 diabetes has been rising. In past years quite a number of studies have been performed that aim to mitigate disease progression after diagnosis (tertiary prevention), in islet-antibody positive subjects at increased diabetes risk (secondary prevention) or in subjects genetically at risk but without autoantibodies (primary prevention). Studies of tertiary prevention are based on anti-inflammatory, T-cell directed, antigen-specific or stem cell approaches. Amelioration of disease course has been seen in a few of these trials, but no therapeutic regimen has so far been developed to cure type 1 diabetes after its clinical manifestation.

Schlüsselwörter

Typ-1-Diabetes - Betazellerhalt - Immunmodulation

Keywords

type 1 diabetes - beta-cell function - immunomodulation

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