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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1246084
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Machbarkeit und Wirkung des Plattformschaukel-Trainings für das Gleichgewicht gesunder älterer Menschen
PilotstudieFeasibility and Efficiency of Swing Platform Training on Balance in Healthy ElderlyPilot StudyPublication History
eingereicht: 13.9.2010
angenommen: 30.11.2010
Publication Date:
26 May 2011 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Diese Pilotstudie untersuchte das in der Kindheit erworbene Gleichgewichtsvermögen mithilfe des Plattformschaukel-Trainings für Senioren. Ein Drittel der Menschen über 65 Jahre berichtet über Schwierigkeiten beim Gleichgewicht oder beim Gehen. Jenseits der 65 werden Stürze häufiger und haben schwerere Folgen. Weltweit wächst keine Personengruppe so schnell, wie die der Über-60-Jährigen, was die Prävention besonders in der Physiotherapie zu einer großen Aufgabe macht.
Ziel: Das Ziel bestand darin herauszufinden, ob sich das Plattformschaukel-Training für gesunde ältere Menschen eignet und einen positiven Einfluss auf Gleichgewicht und Gang hat.
Methode: 18 gesunde Senioren führten Multitasking-Übungen durch, während sie auf der Plattformschaukel standen. Die Teilnehmer absolvierten 9 Trainingseinheiten zu je 30 Minuten über einen Zeitraum von 12 Wochen. Vor und nach dem Training erfolgten Messungen mit der Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) und 6-Minuten-Gehtest.
Ergebnisse: Die durchschnittliche Abweichung war sowohl für die BBS (maximal 56 Punkte) als auch für den DGI signifikant (p = 0,001). Die Verbesserung beim BBS betrug für 11 von 15 Teilnehmern zwischen 1 und 4 Punkte, was eine durchschnittliche Steigerung um 3,3 % bedeutete. Die Verbesserung beim DGI lag für 10 von 15 Teilnehmern zwischen 1 und 4 Punkte, was einer durchschnittlichen Steigerung von 5,8 % entsprach. Die Verbesserung im 6-Minuten-Gehtest war nicht signifikant (p = 0,66). Die Trainings-Compliance betrug 83,95 %.
Schlussfolgerungen: Das Plattformschaukel-Training scheint für Senioren geeignet zu sein. Es gibt Hinweise, wenn auch keine Evidenz, dass diese einfache Trainingsmethode das Gleichgewicht und den Gang bei Senioren verbessern kann. Im Hinblick auf das Studiendesign und die geringe Teilnehmerzahl scheinen weitere Studien bei Senioren sinnvoll.
Abstract
Background: This pilot study examined physical balance, an ability acquired in childhood, by means of swing platform training in seniors. One third of the population aged 65 and over, reports some difficulty with balance or ambulation. After the age of 65, the risk of falls increases in frequency and severity. Worldwide, the number of over 60 year old persons grows faster than any other group, therefore prevention is an increasing challenge for humanity especially in physiotherapy.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate if swing platform training is feasible in healthy older adults and if it has positive influence on balance and gait.
Method: 18 healthy elderly performed multi-task exercises whilst standing on a swing platform. The participants went through 9 training sessions (30 minutes each) within 12 weeks. Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Dynamic gait index (DGI) and the 6 minute walk test were measured before and after training.
Results: The total within group mean difference for the BBS (maximum 56 points) as well as the DGI (maximum 24 points) was significant (p = 0.001). The BBS amelioration was between 1 and 4 points for 11 out of 15 participants, this represents a mean amelioration of 3.3 %. The DGI amelioration was between 1 and 4 points in 10 out of 15 participants which represents a mean amelioration of 5.8 %. The 6 minute walk test amelioration was not significant (p = 0.66). Training compliance was 83.95 %.
Conclusions: Swing platform training for seniors seems to be feasible. There are indications but no evidence that this simple training method might ameliorate balance and gait in the elderly. With respect to the study design and the small sample size, further studies in older adults are warranted.
Schlüsselwörter
Propriozeption - Gleichgewicht - Senioren, Agilität - Primärprävention
Key words
proprioception - balance - elderly - agility - primary prevention
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Ingrid Boonen
PT, MPTSc, Physiotherapie Länggasse
Mittelstr. 5
3012 Bern
Schweiz
Email: physio_laenggasse@bluewin.ch