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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1244821
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Messung der Mikrozirkulation im kardiogenen Schock
Aktuelle diagnostische und therapeutische AspekteEvaluation of micocirculation in cardiogenic shockCurrent diagnostic and therapeutic aspectsPublication History
eingereicht: 17.5.2009
akzeptiert: 22.10.2009
Publication Date:
14 January 2010 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Trotz aller Weiterentwicklungen in Diagnostik und Therapie ist die Prognose des kardiogenen Schocks weiterhin schlecht. Ursächlich ist die Entwicklung eines Multiorgandysfunktionssyndroms aufgrund einer eingeschränkten Perfusion mit gestörter Mikrozirkulation zu nennen. Die Diagnose des kardiogenen Schocks wird anhand klinischer Zeichen, Echokardiographie und Hämodynamik gestellt. Durch die hohe prognostische Relevanz der Mikrozirkulation ist dieser Parameter immer weiter in das Interesse der Kliniker gerückt. Im kardiogenen Schock zeigt sich sowohl eine Abnahme der Dichte der Gefäße als auch des Mikroflusses – besonders in den kleinsten Kapillaren, wo Gas- und Nährstoffaustausch stattfinden. Neue Daten zeigen, dass sich mittels Intravitalmikroskopie on-line- und in-vivo-Parameter der Mikrozirkulation erheben lassen. Somit kann beispielsweise eine Untersuchung während der Therapieumstellung (z. B. Katecholamine oder mechanische Unterstützungssysteme) mit Hinblick auf die Perfusionseffektivität stattfinden. Die direkte Messung der Mikrozirkulation im kardiogenen Schock wird in der vorliegenden Arbeit zusammengefasst; so kann das pathophysiologische Verständnis in Hinblick auf erweiterte Diagnostik und Therapie dieses komplexen Krankheitsbilder vertieft werden. Durch die nicht-invasive Messtechnik und bettseitige Verfügbarkeit hat die Intravitalmikroskopie das Potential, Berücksichtigung in klinischen Algorithmen zur Therapieoptimierung im schweren Schock zu finden.
Abstract
The prognosis of cardiogenic shock is still dismal despite advancements in diagnostic and therapeutic options. One of the major problems is the development of multi-organ failure caused by impaired organ perfusion with inadequate microcirculation. The diagnosis of cardiogenic shock is based on clinical signs of hypoperfusion, echocardiography, and hemodynamic parameters. Because of its high prognostic relevance microcirculation has become more interesting for clinicians recently. Signs of severe cardiogenic shock are reduced vascular density and impaired microflow, especially in the smallest vessels and the location of exchange of gas and nutrients. Recent studies revealed that intravital-microscopy is a valuable tool for on-line and in-vivo measuring of microcirculatory parameters. The assessment of microcirculation during modifications of the treatment of cardiogenic shock is valuable, e. g. during catecholamine therapy or when using of circulatory assist devices. This article summarizes new findings regarding microcirculation in cardiogenic shock, the use of assist devices, and novel pharmacological treatment. Evaluation of microcirculatory changes with its new insights in the complex pathophysiolgy of cardiogenic shock has the potential to become part of diagnostic algorithms.
Schlüsselwörter
Mikrozirkulation - Kardiogener Schock - OPS - SDF - Intravitalmikroskopie
Keywords
microcirculation - cardiogenic shock - orthogonal polarization spectral - sidestream dark field - intravital microscopy
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Dr. Christian Jung
Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität
Erlanger Allee 101
07747 Jena
Phone: 03641/ 9324101
Fax: 03641/9324102
Email: christian.jung@med.uni-jena.de