Reisediarrhö

Die Reisediarrhö ist die häufigste Infektionserkrankung unter Fernreisenden. Folgender Artikel soll die wichtigsten Aspekte der Eoidemiologie, Diagnostik, Management und Prävention der Reisediarrhö beleuchten.

Abstract

Traveler’s diarrhea is a common and, in most cases, self-limiting illness among long-distance travelers. Pathogen diagnostics are indicated for severe or dysenteric courses as well as for increased risk of severe courses. A central component of pathogen diagnostics is stool culture. To detect specific pathogens, this is expanded to include stool microscopy, PCR, and antigen diagnostics. If there is a fever, a blood culture and, depending on exposure, malaria diagnosis should be carried out. Empirical anti-infective therapy is only indicated for febrile or bloody diarrhea or if there is a high risk of a severe course. To further guide therapy, pathogen detection should be sought. Qualified travel advice should always be provided before traveling.

Kernaussagen

• Die Reisediarrhö ist eine häufige und in der überwiegenden Zahl der Fälle selbstlimitierend verlaufende Erkrankung bei Fernreisenden.

• Eine Erregerdiagnostik ist bei schweren oder dysenterischen Verläufen sowie bei erhöhtem Risiko für schwere Verläufe indiziert.

• Zentraler Bestandteil der Erregerdiagnostik ist die Stuhlkultur. Zum Nachweis spezieller Erreger wird diese um Stuhlmikroskopie, PCR und Antigendiagnostik erweitert. Bei Fieber sollten eine Blutkultur und – je nach Exposition – eine Malariadiagnostik durchgeführt werden.

• Eine empirische antiinfektive Therapie ist nur bei febriler oder blutiger Diarrhö oder bei hohem Risiko für einen schweren Verlauf indiziert. Zur weiteren Therapieausrichtung ist ein Erregernachweis anzustreben.

• Vor Reiseantritt sollte immer eine qualifizierte Reiseberatung erfolgen.

Schlüsselwörter

Reisediarrhö - Fernreisen - Flüssigkeitssubstitution - Erregerdiagnostik - Antibiotikatherapie

Keywords

traveler's diarrhea - long distance travel - fluid replacement - pathogen diagnostics - antibiotic therapy

Publication History

Article published online:
29 January 2025

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