Kardiovaskuläre Nebenwirkungen medikamentöser Therapien haben einen signifikanten
Einfluss auf die Morbidität und Mortalität von Patienten. Dieser Beitrag gibt eine
Übersicht über wichtige Substanzgruppen mit kardiotoxischen Nebenwirkungen und fasst
Prinzipien der Diagnostik und Therapie zusammen. Eine gute Kenntnis der Charakteristika
spezifischer kardialer Nebenwirkungen kann dazu beitragen, die Behandlung von Patienten
zu verbessern.
Abstract
Drug-induced cardiovascular side effects have a significant impact on morbidity and
mortality. The demographic change and improved long-term survival particularly in
cancer patients have caused an increasing number of affected patients, hence emphasizing
the importance of the best possible treatment of such complications. This article
gives an overview of classic and modern groups of substances with cardiotoxic effects
and summarizes the principles of diagnostics and therapy. After characterizing the
common cardiovascular side effects caused by anthracycline chemotherapy, we focus
on complications caused by modern forms of immunotherapy, considering its significant
impact on oncological therapy in the future due to its growing clinical application.
In addition to specific cancer therapies, accompanying measures such as blood transfusions
in patients with hematologic diseases can also lead to severe cardiovascular complications.
In the last section, we classify important features and therapeutic approaches in
cardiac involvement of transfusion-related hemochromatosis. A good knowledge of the
characteristics of specific cardiovascular side effects can help to improve the management
of affected patients.
Schlüsselwörter
Hämochromatose - Immuncheckpoint-Inhibitor-Therapie - Kardiotoxizität - onkologische
Kardiologie
Key words
cardio-oncology - cardiotoxicity - immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy - hemochromatosis
