Arterielle Hypertonie – Eine Übersicht für den ärztlichen Alltag

Die immense Bedeutung des Bluthochdrucks erwächst nicht nur aus der Häufigkeit der Erkrankung, sondern besonders aus dem mit der Erkrankung einhergehenden erhöhten kardiovaskulären Risiko. Bis zu 10 Millionen Todesfälle pro Jahr gehen weltweit auf erhöhten Blutdruck zurück. Diese Übersicht über die möglichen Ursachen, Diagnostik und leitliniengerechte Therapie soll helfen, die Versorgung von Patienten mit arterieller Hypertonie zu verbessern.

Abstract

Arterial hypertension affects about one third of the German population with a prevalence increasing with age up to 60 %. Globally, more than a quarter gedoppelt of the population are considered hypertensive, resulting in a total of more than one billion people. Not only due to such high prevalence, but also because of its multiple cardiovascular, renal, ocular, and cognitive complications, arterial hypertension is a leading contributor to the global burden of disease and responsible for up to 10 million deaths worldwide. Contrary to the great importance of arterial hypertension resulting from such high prevalence and immense impact on health worldwide, awareness of disease is low in affected people. Less than every second patient knows about his or her disease status and less than 40 % of patients in Europe show adequate blood pressure control with a treatment target of < 140/90 mmHg despite antihypertensive treatment. This overview of arterial hypertension, its etiology, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic options aims to improve the understanding of arterial hypertension and to facilitate the diagnostic and therapeutic approach, eventually resulting in a better and more successful handling of patients with arterial hypertension.

Schlüsselwörter

arterielle Hypertonie - nicht medikamentöse antihypertensive Therapie - Antihypertensiva - Pseudohypertonie - Therapie-Adhärenz - sekundäre Hypertonie-Ursachen - siRNA, single pill

Key words

arterial hypertension - antihypertensive treatment - therapy adherence - secondary hypertension

Publication History

Article published online:
28 March 2022

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