Zusammenfassung
Das Pigmentdispersionssyndrom ist eine Erkrankung, die durch Abschilferung von
Pigment aus dem Irispigmentepithel und dessen Ablagerung im vorderen
Augenabschnitt charakterisiert ist. Typisch ist eine Trias aus Ablagerungen am
Hornhautendothel, zirkulären Iristransilluminationen und einer Pigmentierung des
Trabekelwerks. Das Spektrum reicht vom einfachen Pigmentdispersionssyndrom bis
zum Pigmentdispersionsglaukom mit Optikusatrophie.
Abstract
Pigment dispersion syndrome (PDS) is a disorder predominantly affecting young,
myopic adults. It is characterised by the liberation of pigment of the iris and
deposition of it on various structures of the anterior segment leading to
multiple specific findings in slit lamp examination. Typical alterations are a
deposition of pigment on the central corneal endothelium, circular iris
transillumination defects in the mid periphery, a posterior bowing of the iris
and increased pigmentation of the trabecular meshwork. Findings are usually
bilateral symmetric. Posterior bowing of the iris causes rubbing of the
pigmented iris epithelium against lens structures like zonular fibres with a
consecutive liberation of pigment. Trabecular meshwork changes because of
pigment deposition reduce aqueous outflow facility with the risk of elevated
intraocular pressure and glaucoma. Pigmentary glaucoma (PG) is a secondary open
angle glaucoma. Treatment of PG is similar to primary open angle glaucoma,
including medical therapy, laser therapy and surgery. Peripheral laser iridotomy
was shown to change iris configuration but its efficacy in the prevention of PG
has not been confirmed in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to
summarize information regarding ocular manifestations of PDS to facilitate an
early diagnosis and to present a general view of the treatment of PG.
Schlüsselwörter
Pigmentdispersionssyndrom - Diagnostik - Pigmentdispersionsglaukom - Epidemiologie
- Genetik
Key words
pigment dispersion syndrome - diagnostics - pigmentary glaucoma - epidemiology - genetics
