Beeinflussung der equinen Mikrobiota durch Fütterung und Probiotika: aktueller Stand der Forschung und rechtliche Grundlagen

Zusammenfassung

Die Mikrobiota im Dickdarm des Pferdes ist ein komplexes Gefüge, das durch die Fütterung stark beeinflusst werden kann. So führt beispielsweise die Fütterung eines stärkereichen Kraftfutters zum Anstieg von Bakterien, die Stärke fermentieren und Laktat produzieren, während sich die Anzahl der für die Faserverdauung zuständigen zellulolytischen Bakterien reduziert. Zur Optimierung der bakteriellen Mikrobiota werden vielfach Probiotika eingesetzt, um beispielsweise den potenziell negativen Einfluss stärkereicher Rationen zu minimieren. Für das Pferd sind in der Europäischen Union zurzeit lediglich verschiedene Stämme der Hefe Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) als Probiotikum zugelassen. In-vivo-Studien bei adulten Pferden konnten jedoch keine eindeutigen Effekte einer SC-Supplementation nachweisen.

Abstract

The hindgut microbiota of the horse is a complex structure which can be highly influenced by the diet or nutrients such as starch. For instance, a diet rich in starch promotes the growth of bacteria that can utilize starch and produce lactate while it reduces the growth of fiber fermenting cellulolytic bacteria. Therefore, attempts are made to balance the hindgut microbiota and to minimize the impacts of feeds which are rich in starch such as the supplementation of probiotics. Up to date only different strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) are officially registered probiotics for horses in the European Union. However, studies evaluating the impact of SC supplementation in vivo showed equivocal results in the equine.

Schlüsselwörter

Pferd - Saccharomyces cerevisiae - Dickdarm - Mikroflora - Stärkeverdauung

Key words

Horse - Saccharomyces cerevisiae - hindgut - microbiome - starch digestion

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