Abstract
For the first time cyclopropyltrifluoroborates have been utilized to form cyclopropylamines
in a one-pot procedure. The scope was not only demonstrated by successfully reacting
various racemic cis- and trans-2-substituted cyclopropanes as well as azides, but also by applying the sequence
to enantiomerically pure building blocks. An approach to tranylcypromine as well as
belactosin A is outlined.
Key words
boron - cyclopropanes - asymmetric synthesis - cyclopropylamine
References and Notes
Reviews:
<A NAME="RD07008ST-1A">1a</A>
Salaün J.
Top. Curr. Chem.
2000,
207:
1
<A NAME="RD07008ST-1B">1b</A>
Wessjohann LA.
Brandt W.
Thiemann T.
Chem. Rev.
2003,
103:
1625 ; see also ref. 13-16
Reviews on cyclopropane chemistry:
<A NAME="RD07008ST-2A">2a</A>
The Chemistry of the Cyclopropyl Group
Patai S.
Rappoport Z.
Wiley;
New York:
1987.
<A NAME="RD07008ST-2B">2b</A>
Methods of Organic Synthesis (Houben-Weyl)
Vol. E17a-c:
de Meijere A.
Thieme;
Stuttgart:
1997.
<A NAME="RD07008ST-2C">2c</A> Thematic issue on cyclopropane chemistry (guest editor: de Meijere, A.): Chem.
Rev.
2002,
103:
931
Selected recent examples for the syntheses of aminocyclopropane derivatives:
<A NAME="RD07008ST-2D">2d</A>
Beumer R.
Bubert C.
Cabrele C.
Vielhauer O.
Pietzsch M.
Reiser O.
J. Org. Chem.
2000,
65:
8960
<A NAME="RD07008ST-2E">2e</A>
Adams LA.
Aggarwal VK.
Bonnert RV.
Bressel B.
Cox RJ.
Shepherd J.
de Vicente J.
Walter M.
Whittingham WG.
Winn CL.
J. Org. Chem.
2003,
68:
9433
<A NAME="RD07008ST-2F">2f</A>
Wurz RP.
Charette AB.
J. Org. Chem.
2004,
69:
1262
<A NAME="RD07008ST-2G">2g</A>
Bégis G.
Sheppard TD.
Cladingboel DE.
Motherwell WB.
Tocher DA.
Synthesis
2005,
3186
<A NAME="RD07008ST-2H">2h</A>
Moreau B.
Charette AB.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
2005,
127:
18014
<A NAME="RD07008ST-2I">2i</A>
Denolf B.
Mangelinckx S.
Törnroos KW.
de Kimpe N.
Org. Lett.
2007,
9:
187
<A NAME="RD07008ST-3A">3a</A>
Chaplinski V.
de Meijere A.
Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl.
1996,
35:
413 ; Angew. Chem. 1996, 108, 491
<A NAME="RD07008ST-3B">3b</A>
de Meijere A.
Kozhushkov SI.
Savchenko AI.
J. Organomet. Chem.
2004,
689:
2033
<A NAME="RD07008ST-3C">3c</A> Recent review on a related approach:
Bertus P.
Szymoniak J.
Synlett
2007,
1346
<A NAME="RD07008ST-4A">4a</A>
Kulinkovich OG.
Sviridov SV.
Vasilevskii DA.
Pritytskaya TS.
Russ. J. Org. Chem.
1989,
25:
2244
<A NAME="RD07008ST-4B">4b</A>
Kulinkovich OG.
de Meijere A.
Chem. Rev.
2000,
100:
2789
<A NAME="RD07008ST-5A">5a</A>
Pietruszka J.
Witt A.
J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1
2000,
4293
<A NAME="RD07008ST-5B">5b</A>
Luithle JEA.
Pietruszka J.
Eur. J. Org. Chem.
2000,
2557
<A NAME="RD07008ST-5C">5c</A>
Luithle JEA.
Pietruszka J.
J. Org. Chem.
1999,
64:
8287
<A NAME="RD07008ST-5D">5d</A>
Luithle JEA.
Pietruszka J.
Witt A.
Chem. Commun.
1998,
2651
<A NAME="RD07008ST-5E">5e</A>
Luithle JEA.
Pietruszka J.
Liebigs Ann./Recl.
1997,
2297
<A NAME="RD07008ST-6A">6a</A>
Hohn E.
Pietruszka J.
Adv. Synth. Catal.
2004,
346:
863
<A NAME="RD07008ST-6B">6b</A>
Pietruszka J.
Witt A.
Frey W.
Eur. J. Org. Chem.
2003,
3219
<A NAME="RD07008ST-6C">6c</A>
Garcia Garcia P.
Hohn E.
Pietruszka J.
J. Organomet. Chem.
2003,
680:
281
<A NAME="RD07008ST-6D">6d</A>
Luithle JEA.
Pietruszka J.
J. Org. Chem.
2000,
65:
9194
<A NAME="RD07008ST-6E">6e</A>
Pietruszka J.
Schöne N.
Synthesis
2006,
24
<A NAME="RD07008ST-6F">6f</A>
Pietruszka J.
Schöne N.
Eur. J. Org. Chem.
2004,
5011
<A NAME="RD07008ST-6G">6g</A>
Pietruszka J.
Schöne N.
Angew. Chem.
2003,
115:
5796
<A NAME="RD07008ST-7">7</A>
Hohn E.
Pietruszka J.
Solduga G.
Synlett
2006,
1531
Selected early examples:
<A NAME="RD07008ST-8A">8a</A>
Hildebrand JP.
Marsden SP.
Synlett
1996,
893
<A NAME="RD07008ST-8B">8b</A>
Wang X.
Deng M.
J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1
1996,
2663
<A NAME="RD07008ST-8C">8c</A>
Charette AB.
Giroux A.
J. Org. Chem.
1996,
61:
8718
<A NAME="RD07008ST-8D">8d</A>
Charette AB.
Freitas-Gil RPD.
Tetrahedron Lett.
1997,
38:
2809
<A NAME="RD07008ST-8E">8e</A>
Pietruszka J.
Widenmeyer M.
Synlett
1997,
977 ; see also ref. 7
Selected examples:
<A NAME="RD07008ST-9A">9a</A>
Imai T.
Mineta H.
Nishida S.
J. Org. Chem.
1990,
55:
4986
<A NAME="RD07008ST-9B">9b</A>
Fontani P.
Carboni B.
Vaultier M.
Maas G.
Synthesis
1991,
605
<A NAME="RD07008ST-9C">9c</A>
Pietruszka J.
Rieche ACM.
Wilhelm T.
Witt A.
Adv. Synth. Catal.
2003,
345:
1273
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10A">10a</A>
Suzuki A.
Sono S.
Itoh M.
Brown HC.
Midland MM.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1971,
93:
4329
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10B">10b</A>
Brown HC.
Midland MM.
Levy AB.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1973,
95:
2394
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10C">10c</A>
Tamura Y.
Minamikawa J.
Fujii S.
Ikeda M.
Synthesis
1974,
196
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10D">10d</A>
Kabalka GW.
Sastry KAR.
McCollum GW.
Yoshioka H.
J. Org. Chem.
1981,
46:
4296
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10E">10e</A>
Kabalka GW.
McCollum GW.
Kunda SA.
J. Org. Chem.
1984,
49:
1656
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10F">10f</A>
Brown HC.
Kim K.-W.
Cole TE.
Singaram B.
J. Am. Chem. Soc.
1986,
108:
6761
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10G">10g</A>
Carboni B.
Vaultier M.
Carrié R.
Tetrahedron
1987,
43:
1799
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10H">10h</A>
Kabalka GW.
Goudgaon NM.
Liang Y.
Synth. Commun.
1988,
18:
1363
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10I">10i</A>
Kabalka GW.
Wang Z.
Organometallics
1989,
8:
1093
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10J">10j</A>
Kabalka GW.
Wang Z.
Synth. Commun.
1990,
20:
231
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10K">10k</A>
Brown HC.
Salunkhe AM.
Singaram B.
J. Org. Chem.
1991,
56:
1170
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10L">10l</A>
Chavant P.-Y.
Lhermitte F.
Vaultier M.
Synlett
1993,
519
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10M">10m</A>
Phanstiel OIV.
Wang QX.
Powell DH.
Ospina MP.
Leeson BA.
J. Org. Chem.
1999,
64:
803
<A NAME="RD07008ST-10N">10n</A>
Ramachandran PV.
Burghardt TE.
Pure Appl. Chem.
2006,
78:
1397
<A NAME="RD07008ST-11A">11a</A>
Fang G.-H.
Yan Z.-J.
Deng M.-Z.
Org. Lett.
2004,
5:
357
<A NAME="RD07008ST-11B">11b</A> Review on organotrifluoroborates, for example:
Darses S.
Genet J.-P.
Eur. J. Org. Chem.
2003,
4313
<A NAME="RD07008ST-12A">12a</A>
Matteson DS.
Kim GY.
Org. Lett.
2002,
4:
2153
<A NAME="RD07008ST-12B">12b</A>
Kim BJ.
Matteson DS.
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.
2004,
43:
3056 ; Angew. Chem. 2004, 116, 3118
<A NAME="RD07008ST-13">13</A>
General Procedure for the C-B to C-N Conversion
Under an atmosphere of dry nitrogen, the trifluoroborate 3 (1 equiv) was suspended in a mixture of toluene (10 mL/mmol trifluoroborate 3) and MeCN (2.5 mL/mmol trifluoroborate 3). Then, SiCl4 (1 M in CH2Cl2, 2 equiv) was added at r.t. and stirred for 20 min. The corresponding azide 5 (1.4 equiv) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at r.t. or 40 °C for 5-15
h (depending on the azide used). The reaction was quenched with H2O (10 mL/mmol trifluoroborate 3), and the layers were separated. The organic layer was extracted with HCl (1 M; 5
× 10 mL/mmol trifluoroborate 3). The combined aqueous layers were strongly basified with aq KOH (40%). The amine
was extracted with Et2O (4 × 50 mL/mmol trifluoroborate 3). The combined ether layers were dried over Na2CO3. The solvent was removed under reduced pressure.
<A NAME="RD07008ST-14A">14a</A>
Riley TN.
Brier CG.
J. Med. Chem.
1972,
5:
1187
<A NAME="RD07008ST-14B">14b</A>
Smith DF.
Pharmakopsychiat.
1980,
13:
130
<A NAME="RD07008ST-14C">14c</A>
Arvidsson L.-E.
Johansson AM.
Hacksell U.
Nilsson JLG.
Svensson K.
Hjorth S.
Magnusson T.
Carlsson A.
Lindberg P.
Andersson B.
Sanchez D.
Wirkström H.
Sundell S.
J. Med. Chem.
1988,
31:
92
<A NAME="RD07008ST-14D">14d</A>
Csuk R.
Schabel MJ.
von Scholz Y.
Tetrahedron: Asymmetry
1996,
7:
3505
<A NAME="RD07008ST-15">15</A>
Asai A.
Hasegawa A.
Ochiai K.
Yamashita Y.
Mizukami T.
J. Antibiot.
2000,
53:
81
<A NAME="RD07008ST-16A">16a</A>
Asai A,
Mizukami T,
Yamashita Y,
Ikeda S, and
Kanada Y. inventors; EP 1166781.
; Chem. Abstr. 2002, 133, 120677
<A NAME="RD07008ST-16B">16b</A>
Asai A.
Tsujita T.
Sharma SV.
Yamashita Y.
Akinaga S.
Funakoshi M.
Kobayashi H.
Mizukami T.
Biochem. Pharmacol.
2004,
67:
227
<A NAME="RD07008ST-17A">17a</A>
Armstrong A.
Scutt JN.
Chem. Commun.
2004,
510
<A NAME="RD07008ST-17B">17b</A>
Larionov OV.
de Meijere A.
Org. Lett.
2004,
6:
2153
<A NAME="RD07008ST-17C">17c</A>
Yoshida K.
Yamaguchi K.
Arisawa M.
Matsuda A.
Shuto S. In Peptide Science
Ishida H.
Mihara H.
2006.
p.184