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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-959317
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Fehlinformation zum Tabakrauchen in deutschen Medizin-Lehrbüchern
Misleading information on smoking in German medical textbooksPublication History
eingereicht: 9.8.2006
akzeptiert: 26.10.2006
Publication Date:
01 February 2007 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Rauchen ist ein wichtiger Risikofaktor für die Entstehung der koronaren Herzkrankheit (KHK) und des Bronchial-Karzinoms. Während das im Tabak enthaltene Nikotin für die Entwicklung der Sucht verantwortlich ist, sind die Auswirkungen des Rauchens auf Herz und Lunge durch andere Inhaltsstoffe bedingt. In der vorliegenden Studie sollte geprüft werden, ob diese Inhalte in deutschen Lehrbüchern der Inneren Medizin adäquat vermittelt werden.
Methoden: Es wurden alle (n = 28) in zwei Göttinger Buchhandlungen sowie der Göttinger Universitäts-Bibliothek erhältlichen deutschen Lehrbücher der Inneren Medizin daraufhin untersucht, ob als Risikofaktor für die koronare Herzkrankheit und das Bronchial-Karzinom „Rauchen” oder „Nikotin” aufgeführt wurde.
Ergebnisse: In 12 von 25 Lehrbüchern wurde bei der Auflistung der Risikofaktoren der KHK das Rauchen explizit genannt; in weiteren 12 Büchern wurde Nikotin erwähnt. Ein Lehrbuch führte beide Begriffe auf. In den 21 Lehrbüchern, die auf die Risikofaktoren des Bronchial-Karzinoms eingingen, fand sich stets der Begriff „Rauchen”; Nikotin wurde nicht erwähnt.
Folgerung: Viele deutsche Lehrbücher der Inneren Medizin enthalten bezüglich der Gesundheitsschädlichkeit des Rauchens sprachliche Ungenauigkeiten, die durch den Einfluss der Sprache auf Denken und Handeln erhebliche Auswirkungen auf ihre Leser haben können. Der synonyme Gebrauch der Begriffe „Rauchen” und „Nikotin”, der einen kausalen Zusammenhang zwischen Nikotin und koronarer Herzkrankheit suggeriert, ist irreführend und sollte aus der Fachliteratur entfernt werden.
Summary
Background and objective: Smoking is a major risk factor for coronary heart disease and lung cancer. While nicotine causes addiction, heart and lung diseases are caused by other substances contained in tobacco smoke. This study assessed whether these facts are adequately portrayed in German medical textbooks.
Methods: The sections on cardiovascular and lung cancer risk factors in 28 German textbooks of internal medicine, available in two bookstores as well as the library of Göttingen University (Germany), were scanned for the words "smoking" and "nicotine" as risk factors for coronary artery disease and lung cancer.
Results: In 12 of the 25 textbooks covering cardiovascular disease, smoking was mentioned as a risk factor for coronary artery disease; another 12 textbooks listed nicotine or nicotine addiction. In one textbook both terms were used. While smoking was referred to in all 21 textbooks that also discussed risk factors for lung cancer, nicotine was not mentioned in this context.
Conclusion: Many German textbooks of internal medicine contain misleading terms for the health effects of smoking, which may influence the thoughts and possibly also the behaviour of their readers. The use of the words "smoking" and "nicotine" as synonymous within the context of cardiovascular risk factors, suggesting a causal relationship between nicotine and coronary heart disease, is incorrect and should be removed from the specialist medical literature.
Schlüsselwörter
Medizin-Lehrbücher - Fehlinformation - Rauchen - Nikotin - koronare Herzkrankheit
Key words
medical textbooks - misinformation - smoking - nicotine - cardiovascular disease
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Dr. med. Tobias Raupach
Abteilung Kardiologie und Pneumologie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
Robert Koch-Straße 40
37075 Göttingen
Phone: 0551/396318
Fax: 0551/50342445
Email: raupach@med.uni-goettingen.de