Compliance nach Organtransplantation - Einfluss von Lebensqualität und Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung

Zusammenfassung

Organtransplantationen sind eine etablierte therapeutische Option für einige chronische Erkrankungen im Endstadium. Die Erfolge der letzten zwei Jahrzehnte sind auf optimierte immunsuppressive Schemata, chirurgische Techniken sowie verbesserte Aspekte der Patientenführung zurückzuführen und resultieren in steigenden Überlebensraten sowie verbesserter Lebensqualität. Dennoch bleiben Langzeitergebnisse durch akute Abstoßungen, erhöhte Infektionsraten sowie die chronische Transplantatabstoßung beeinträchtigt. Diese Problematik ist multifaktoriell bedingt. Non-Compliance kann in einer Zunahme der Begleiterkrankungen und der Mortalität, in erhöhten Gesundheitskosten, sowie einer reduzierten Lebensqualität resultieren. Umgang mit Symptomwahrnehmungen und die Arzt-Patienten-Beziehung sind essenzielle Elemente, mit deren Hilfe Compliance, Lebensqualität und damit ein langfristiger Transplantationserfolg verbessert und erhalten werden können.

Summary

Solid organ transplantation has over the last two decades become a therapeutic option for different end-stage diseases, as a result of advances in immunosuppression, surgical techniques and other aspects of patient management, leading to increased survival rates and quality of life in the long term. However, the long-term success remains limited by acute and chronic rejection episodes, repeated infections and subsequent risk of graft loss. The behavior of patients in relation to complying with the life-long and complex therapeutic regimen remains an essential factor in the long-term success of transplantation and may be influenced by a variety of items. Failure to comply may result in increased morbidity and mortality, in excessive health care expenditures and in decreased quality of life for the individual patient. Management of the way that patients experience their symptoms and the doctor-patient relationship are crucial elements for enhancing and maintaining compliance, quality of life, and long-term survival of the patient.

Schlüsselwörter

Organtransplantation - Compliance - Lebensqualität - Arzt-Patienten-
Beziehung

Key words

solid organ transplantation - compliance - quality of Life - health-care provider-patient relationship

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