Subscribe to RSS
Please copy the URL and add it into your RSS Feed Reader.
https://www.thieme-connect.de/rss/thieme/en/10.1055-s-00000084.xml
Synthesis 2007(2): 251-258
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-958935
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-958935
PAPER
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York
Synthesis and Derivatization of 3-Perfluoroalkyl-Substituted 7-Azaindoles
Further Information
Received
10 August 2006
Publication Date:
12 December 2006 (online)
Publication History
Publication Date:
12 December 2006 (online)

Abstract
An expedient large-scale synthesis of 3-perfluoroalkyl-7-azaindoles starting from 2-fluoropyridine is presented. The activation as 6-chloro-4-nitro derivative allows the further derivatization by nucleophilic aromatic substitution in the 4-position.
Key words
7-azaindoles - cyclizations - multicomponent reactions - directed ortho metalation - fluorine
- Reviews:
-
2a
Park BK.Kitteringham NR.O’Neill PM. Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol 2001, 41: 443 -
2b
Ismail FMD. J. Fluorine Chem. 2002, 118: 27 -
2c
Kirsch P. Modern Fluoroorganic Chemistry Wiley-VCH; Weinheim: 2004. p.237-271 -
2d
Böhm H.-J.Banner D.Bendels S.Kansy M.Kuhn B.Müller K.Obst-Sander U.Stahl M. ChemBioChem 2004, 5: 637 -
2e
Dolensky B.Nam G.Deng W.-P.Narayanan J.Fan J.Kirk KL. J. Fluorine Chem. 2004, 125: 501 -
2f
Shimizu M.Hiyama T. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2005, 44: 214 ; Angew. Chem. 2005, 117, 218 -
2g
Isanbor C.O’Hagan D. J. Fluorine Chem. 2006, 127: 303 - 3
Jeschke P. ChemBioChem 2004, 5: 570 - 4
Schlosser M. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2006, 45: 5432 ; Angew. Chem. 2006, 118, 5558 - 5
Ebenbeck W,Figueroa-Pérez S, andSchirok H. inventors; US Patent application 2006/0128661. Recently, we described an alternate access to 4-chloro-3-trifluoromethyl-7-azaindole: ; Chem. Abstr. 2006, 145, 62868 -
6a
Schirok H. Synlett 2005, 1255 -
6b
Schirok H. J. Org. Chem. 2006, 71: 5538 -
7a
Güngör T.Marsais F.Quéguiner G. J. Organomet. Chem. 1981, 215: 139 -
7b For a review, see:
Mongin F.Quéguiner G. Tetrahedron 2001, 57: 4059 - 8
Bobbio C.Schlosser M. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70: 3039 ; and references cited therein -
9a
Tarrant P.Taylor RE. J. Org. Chem. 1959, 24: 238 -
9b
Jiang B.Xu Y. J. Org. Chem. 1991, 56: 7336 -
9c
Nader BS.Cordova JA.Reese KE.Powell CL. J. Org. Chem. 1994, 59: 2898 -
9d
Pan R.-Q.Liu X.-X.Deng M.-Z. J. Fluorine Chem. 1999, 95: 167 -
9e
Jiang B.Wang Q.-F.Yang C.-G.Xu M. Tetrahedron Lett. 2001, 42: 4083 -
9f
Lebel H.Paquet V. Org. Lett. 2002, 4: 1671 - 10
Salvador RL.Saucier M.Simon D.Goyer R. J. Med. Chem. 1972, 15: 646 - 11
Sauter F.Stanetty P.Ramer W.Sittenthaler W. Monatsh. Chem. 1991, 122: 879 -
12a
Cook DJ.Pierce OR.McBee ET. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1954, 76: 83 -
12b
Imperiali B.Abeles RH. Tetrahedron Lett. 1986, 27: 135 -
12c
Solladie-Cavallo A.Khiar N. Tetrahedron Lett. 1988, 29: 2189 -
12d
Blades K.Butt AH.Cockerill GS.Easterfield HJ.Lequeux TP.Percy JM. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1999, 3609 - 13
Colin T.El Kaïm L.Gaultier L.Grimaud L.Gatay L.Michaut V. Tetrahedron Lett. 2004, 45: 5611 - 15
Wu G.Huang M.Richards M.Poirier M.Wen X.Draper RW. Synthesis 2003, 1657 - 16
Sutter P.Weis CD. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1987, 24: 1093 -
17a
Hojo M.Masuda R.Okada E.Miya H. Synthesis 1989, 550 -
17b
Hojo M.Masuda R.Okada E.Tomifuji T.Imazaki N. Synthesis 1990, 1135 -
17c
Okada E.Masuda R.Hojo M.Imazaki N.Miya H. Heterocycles 1992, 34: 103 -
18a
Okada E.Tsukushi N.Shimonura N. Synthesis 2000, 237 -
18b
Rodrigues I.Bonnet-Delpon D.Béqué J.-P. J. Org. Chem. 2001, 66: 2098 - 19
Figueroa-Pérez S.Bennabi S.Schirok H.Thutewohl M. Tetrahedron Lett. 2006, 47: 2069 - 20
Schneller SW.Lua J.-K. J. Org. Chem. 1980, 45: 4045 -
21a
Antonini I.Claudi F.Cristalli G.Franchetti P.Grifantini M.Martelli S. J. Med. Chem. 1982, 25: 1258 -
21b
Meade EA.Beauchamp LM. J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1996, 33: 303 - 22
Benoit S,Gingras S, andSoundararajan N. inventors; Patent application WO 03/082289. For a systematic survey of chlorination agents on 7-aza-indole N-oxide, see: ; Chem. Abstr. 2003, 139, 307795 - 23
Kobayashi Y.Kumadaki I.Hirose Y.Hanzawa Y. J. Org. Chem. 1974, 39: 1836 - 24
Qiu J.Stevenson SH.O’Beirne MJ.Silverman RB. J. Med. Chem. 1999, 42: 329
References
Current address: Sigma-Aldrich Production GmbH, Industriestraße 25, 9471 Buchs, Switzerland.
14The product 3a itself melted above 80 °C and decomposed starting at 135 °C (2150 kJ/kg).