Efficient electrophilic substitution reactions of indoles with various aldehydes proceed smoothly in ionic liquids using Lewis acids, In(OTf)3, YbCl3, InCl3, BiCl3, and ZnCl2, to afford the corresponding bis(indolyl)methanes in high yields.
ionic liquids - In(OTf)3
- Lewis acids - indoles - bis(indolyl)methanes