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DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-7052
Impfungen und reisemedizinische Empfehlungen für Organtransplantierte
Publication History
Publication Date:
31 December 2000 (online)

Die Immunsuppression bei Transplantierten bedingt ein erhöhtes Infektionsrisiko [47]. Für Immunkompetente meist komplikationslose Infektionskrankheiten verlaufen bei Transplantierten häufig protrahiert und können auch durch die oft vorhandene kardiovaskuläre Komorbidität eine letale Bedrohung darstellen [1] [30] . Außerdem kann die Zytokinausschüttung im Rahmen einer Infektionskrankheit Abstoßungsreaktionen triggern und so die Transplantatfunktion gefährden [18] [25].
Die Zunahme von Fern- und Urlaubsreisen hat der reisemedizinischen Beratung von Transplantierten zunehmende Bedeutung verliehen [29] [33] [39]. Es gibt zu diesem Thema allerdings nur wenige Studien, insbesondere zur Effektivität und Sicherheit von Impfungen oder Chemoprophylaxen. Die hier dargestellten Empfehlungen leiten sich daher teilweise von vorhandenen Daten über anderweitig immunsupprimierte Patienten vor allem bei HIV-Infektionen ab. Sie beziehen sich primär auf die Empfänger solider Organtransplantate (Niere, Leber, Herz) und nicht auf die Knochenmarktransplantation mit ihren speziellen immunologischen Problemen.
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Korrespondenz
Privatdozent Dr. med. Uwe Heemann
Universitätsklinikum
Essen Zentrum für Innere Medizin Abteilung für
Nieren- und Hochdruckkrankheiten
Hufelandstraße
55
45122 Essen
Phone: 0201/723-3395
Fax: 0201/723-5633
Email: uwe.heemann@uni-essen.de