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CC BY 4.0 · Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica (RBCP) – Brazilian Journal of Plastic Surgery 2025; 40: s00451809394
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1809394
Artigo de Revisão

Infecções em feridas em queimados: Revisão de 35 anos de avanços, desafios diagnósticos e estratégias baseadas em evidências

Article in several languages: português | English
Juan Paulo Benitez 
1   Departamento de Cirurgia Geral, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colômbia
,
Mauricio Zuluaga 
1   Departamento de Cirurgia Geral, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colômbia
,
Juan Pablo Trochez 
1   Departamento de Cirurgia Geral, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colômbia
,
Álvaro Andrés Árias 
1   Departamento de Cirurgia Geral, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colômbia
,
Daniel Francisco Penagos 
1   Departamento de Cirurgia Geral, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colômbia
,
Esteban Briceño 
1   Departamento de Cirurgia Geral, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidad del Valle, Cali, Valle del Cauca, Colômbia
,
Santiago Zuluaga 
2   Faculdade de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá D.C., Colômbia
› Author Affiliations

Suporte Financeiro

Os autores declaram que não receberam suporte financeiro de agências dos setores público, privado ou sem fins lucrativos para a realização deste estudo.


Ensaio Clínico

Não.


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Resumo

Introdução

As queimaduras graves representam um problema crítico de saúde pública, com altas taxas de mortalidade e morbidade associadas às infecções em feridas, a principal causa de morte nesses pacientes. Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma abordagem abrangente baseada em evidências ao diagnóstico e manejo de infecções invasivas em feridas por queimaduras, destacando avanços científicos recentes e estratégias clínicas eficazes.

Materiais e Métodos

Foi realizada uma revisão abrangente de 35 anos de literatura científica utilizando bases de dados reconhecidas, como PubMed, EMBASE e Cochrane Library. As informações foram sintetizadas e validadas por um comitê de especialistas em cirurgia e cuidados com queimados. Os termos MESH utilizados foram Queimaduras, Infecção, Infecções em feridas por queimaduras, Sepse, e Multirresistência a medicamentos.

Resultados

A análise mostra que mais de 45% dos pacientes com queimaduras graves desenvolvem infecções. A fisiopatologia inclui imunossupressão secundária ao hipermetabolismo e à desregulação inflamatória, que predispõe os pacientes a infecções por microrganismos multirresistentes. Biomarcadores como a procalcitonina e estratégias baseadas em culturas específicas melhoram a precisão diagnóstica. A implementação de protocolos personalizados reduz as complicações e a mortalidade nessa população.

Conclusão

Este estudo estabelece um guia baseado em evidências para o diagnóstico precoce e manejo eficaz das infecções em queimaduras, promovendo o uso racional de antibióticos e cuidados abrangentes. Os achados contribuem para a padronização das práticas clínicas, otimização dos recursos hospitalares e melhora dos desfechos clínicos. Esta revisão é uma referência crucial para o avanço no cuidado de pacientes queimados e estímulo de futuras pesquisas na área.

Palavras-chave

queimaduras - unidades de queimados - cirurgia plástica - sepse - infecções bacterianas - resistência microbiana a medicamentos

Aprovação do Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa

Este artigo é uma revisão; portanto, não incluiu pacientes e não foi conduzido em uma instituição de saúde específica. Entendemos que, de acordo com os requisitos do periódico, uma carta do comitê de ética não é necessária. Permanecemos à disposição para outras solicitações.




Publication History

Received: 20 January 2025

Accepted: 24 March 2025

Article published online:
25 June 2025

© 2025. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, permitting copying and reproduction so long as the original work is given appropriate credit (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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Bibliographical Record
Juan Paulo Benitez, Mauricio Zuluaga, Juan Pablo Trochez, Álvaro Andrés Árias, Daniel Francisco Penagos, Esteban Briceño, Santiago Zuluaga. Infecções em feridas em queimados: Revisão de 35 anos de avanços, desafios diagnósticos e estratégias baseadas em evidências. Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica (RBCP) – Brazilian Journal of Plastic Surgery 2025; 40: s00451809394.
DOI: 10.1055/s-0045-1809394
 

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