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Nervenheilkunde 2015; 34(08): 601-606
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1627609
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1627609
Kopfschmerzen
Epidemiologie primärer Kopfschmerzen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Epidemiology of primary headache in children and adolescentsFurther Information
Publication History
eingegangen am:
18 March 2015
angenommen am:
18 March 2015
Publication Date:
23 January 2018 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Kopfschmerzen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland sind häufig und nehmen Richtung Jugendalter deutlich zu: Die Prävalenzen liegen zwischen 38% bei jüngeren Kindern und 84% bei Jugendlichen (Migräne: 6% bis 31%; Spannungskopfschmerz: 18% bis 51%; häufige Kopfschmerzen: 4% bis 10%). Dabei wird ein allgemeiner Anstieg der Kopfschmerzprävalenz bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in den letzten Jahren beschrieben, eine Aussage, die aber – bezogen auf alle Studien zu diesem Thema – inkonsistent bleibt. Stress, Rauchen, Koffeinkonsum und dysfunktionale muskuläre Anspannung und Schmerzen im Bereich von Schulter und Nacken wurden auch bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in allen Studien als Risikofaktoren für primäre Kopfschmerzen bestätigt.
Summary
Headache in children and adolescents in Germany is common and increases with age: prevalence rates between 38% in young children and 84% in adolescents were found (migraine: 6% to 31%; tension-type head-ache: 18% to 51%; frequent headache: 4% to 10%). A tendency for a global increase of headaches in the last years/decades was observed. However, this overall picture remains inconsistent. Stress, smoking, caffeine consumption and muscular tension and pain within the neck and shoulder area were confirmed to be risk factors for headache in children and adolescents in all studies.
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