Neuropathischer Schmerz

Zusammenfassung

Neuropathische Schmerzen entstehen durch eine Läsion oder Erkrankung des somatosensorischen Nervensystems. Davon sind ca. 7 – 8 % der Normalbevölkerung betroffen. Patienten mit neuropathischen Schmerzen leiden unter erheblichen Einschränkungen ihrer Lebensqualität und die daraus resultierenden staatlichen Gesundheitskosten sind extrem hoch.

Die frühe Identifikation vorhandener neuropathischer Schmerzen ist ausschlaggebend für eine gezielte Schmerztherapie und Vorbeugung einer Chronifizierung des Krankheitszustandes. Das klinische Bild ist vielfältig, und die Diagnostik kann in der klinischen Praxis eine Herausforderung darstellen.

Der Schwerpunkt dieses Artikels liegt in der Untersuchung und Diagnosestellung neuropathischer Schmerzen.

Abstract

Neuropathic pain is caused by a lesion or a disease of the somatosensory nervous system. Approximately 7 – 8 % of the population are affected. Patients with neuropathic pain suffer from a considerably reduced quality of life and the resulting health care costs are extremely high.

Early identification of neuropathic pain is crucial for a targeted pain management and prevention of chronicity of the disorder. The clinical presentation is heterogeneous and the diagnosis is challenging in clinical practice.

This paper’s focus is on the assessment and diagnosis of neuropathic pain.

Schlüsselwörter

neuropathischer Schmerz - diagnostisches Stufenschema - Screening-Instrumente für neuropathische Schmerzen

Key words

neuropathic pain - diagnostic grading system - screening tools for neuropathic pain

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