Sprache · Stimme · Gehör 2014; 38(02): 66-70
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1375621
Schwerpunktthema
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Kognitive Trainingsverfahren bei unilateralem Neglekt

Cognitive Training Procedures for Unilateral Neglect
J. von der Gablentz
1   Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
,
B. Machner
1   Klinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
› Institutsangaben
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Publikationsverlauf

Publikationsdatum:
26. Juni 2014 (online)

Zusammenfassung

Patienten mit einem Schlaganfall der rechten Hirnhälfte leiden häufig unter einem unilateralen Neglekt. Diese Aufmerksamkeitsstörung führt zu einer Vernachlässigung der linken Raum- oder Körperhälfte. Daraus resultieren eine schwere Beeinträchtigung bei alltäglichen Verrichtungen und eine erschwerte Schlaganfall-Rehabilitation. Trotz vielversprechender kognitiver Therapieansätze gibt es bis heute kaum etablierte Therapieverfahren für den Neglekt. Dies ist vor allem der Kurzlebigkeit der Effekte, der eingeschränkten Anwendbarkeit in der breiten Patientenversorgung und fehlenden Übertragbarkeit im Sinne einer funktionellen Verbesserung der Patienten bei den Aktivitäten des täglichen Lebens geschuldet. Diese Arbeit gibt eine Übersicht über die verschiedenen kognitiven Therapieansätze zur Behandlung des Neglekts. Dabei werden die Anwendung, Vor- und Nachteile sowie die Evidenz bezüglich klinischer Effektgrößen kritisch beleuchtet.

Abstract

Patients with a right hemisphere stroke often suffer from a cognitive disorder called neglect. This leads to a severe attentional deficit for the left side of space. Due to the resulting impairments in the activities of daily living, this syndrome represents a major negative prognostic factor for the clinical outcome of stroke patients. Despite promising therapeutic attempts, there is no established and widely accepted cognitive therapy to alleviate or cure neglect. This may be due to the transient nature of therapeutic effects, limited applicability in wide medical practice, and a lack of clear functional improvement of the patients in everyday activities. This article reviews different cognitive interventions to treat neglect with a special focus on advantages and disadvantages as well as evidence for clinically relevant effects of the individual therapies.

 
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