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        Synthesis  2011(20): 3332-3342  
DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1260186
   DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1260186
PAPER
© Georg Thieme Verlag
      Stuttgart ˙ New YorkSynthesis of 4,4-Disubstituted Piperidine-2-carbonitriles and Piperidine-2,6-dicarbonitriles as Precursors for New α-Amino Acids
Further Information
            
               
                  
                        
                              Received
                              22 June 2011 
                      
Publication Date:
24 August 2011 (online)
            
         
      
   Publication History
Publication Date:
24 August 2011 (online)

Abstract
An easy and straightforward method for the synthesis of 4,4-disubstituted pipecolic acid and piperidine-2,6-dicarboxylic acid derivatives has been developed, based on the addition of cyanide ions to 4,4-disubstituted 1,4-dihydropyridines, which are easily accessible by trapping activated N-silylpyridinium ions with diorganomagnesium reagents. Acidic hydrolysis of the resulting 4,4-disubstituted piperidine-2-carbonitriles and the individual diastereomers of the piperidine-2,6-dicarbonitriles led to the corresponding α-amino acids in high yields.
Key words
piperidines - pyridines - carboxylic acids - nitriles - nucleophilic addition - reduction
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