Zusammenfassung
In den letzten Jahren wurden große Anstrengungen unternommen, um Tabletten für die
MS-Therapie zu entwickeln. Bis jetzt zielen all diese Behandlungsstrategien auf Mechanismen
der fehlgesteuerten Immunantwort bei der MS ab, die die Aktivierung und Expansion
von T-Lymphozyten mit anschließendem Durchdringen der Blut-Hirn-Schranke betreffen.
Auch andere Immunzellen wie die B-Lymphozyten werden durch diese Medikamente in ihrer
Aktivität moduliert. Einige dieser oralen Therapeutika haben das Potenzial zur sog.
Neuroprotektion, indem sie antioxidative Pfade in Neuronen und Gliazellen hochregulieren
oder Vorläuferzellen von Oligodendrozyten stimulieren. In dieser Übersicht werden
die momentan verfügbaren Daten über die erste Generation von Tabletten gegen MS, nämlich
Cladribin und FTY720, diskutiert, ebenso wie wahrscheinlich zukünftig verfügbare Medikamente
in Form der Fumarate, des Laquinimods und des Teriflunomids.
Abstract
Over the past few years much effort has been expended to develop tablets for MS therapy.
Up to now all these treatment strategies have targetted the misdirected immune response
in MS patients that concern the activation and expansion of T lymphocytes and their
subsequent penetration through the blood-brain barrier. The activities of other immune
cells such as B lymphocytes are also modulated by these drugs. Some of these oral
theraopeutic agents have the potential for so-called neuroprotection since they up-regulated
antioxidative paths in neurons and glial cells or stimulate precursor cells of oligodendrocytes.
In the present review we discuss the currently available data about the first generation
of tablets for MS therapy, namely cladribin and FTY720 as well as data on drugs such
as the fumarates of laquinimod and teriflunomid that will probably be introduced in
the near future.
Schlüsselwörter
MS - orale Medikamente - Therapie - Laquinimod - Fumarsäure
Keywords
multiple sclerosis - oral therapy - therapy - laquinimod - fumaric acid
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Prof. Ralf Gold
Universität Bochum, Neurologische Klinik
Gudrunstr. 56
44791 Bochum
eMail: ralf.gold@rub.de
