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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1244814
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Entecavir – Möglichkeiten und Grenzen einer effektiven Therapie der chronischen Hepatitis B
Entecavir – options and obstacles of an effective treatment for chronic hepatitis BPublication History
eingereicht: 4.2.2009
akzeptiert: 1.10.2009
Publication Date:
18 December 2009 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Die Höhe der Hepatitis B Virus-DNA (HBV-DNA) ist ein entscheidender Parameter für die Progression zur Leberzirrhose und zum hepatozellulären Karzinom [HCC]. Daher ist die dauerhafte Senkung der HBV-DNA unter die Nachweisgrenze sensitiver Nachweisverfahren ein wichtiges Behandlungsziel. Dieses Ziel wird mit den derzeit zur Verfügung stehenden direkt antiviralen Medikamenten bei fast allen Patienten erreicht. Allerdings stellt die Entwicklung von Resistenzen eine große Herausforderung dar. Entecavir hat in dieser Hinsicht ein sehr gutes Profil – sowohl was die antivirale Wirksamkeit als auch das Resistenzprofil bei nicht vorbehandelten Patienten betrifft. Nach 5 Jahren dauerhafter Behandlung mit Entecavir liegt der Anteil HBe-Antigen positiver Patienten mit nicht nachweisbarer HBV-DNA bei über 90 %, die Resistenzentwicklung nur bei ca. 1 %. Bei Patienten mit Lamivudinresistenz ist das Therapieansprechen allerdings reduziert. Patienten mit einer Lamivudinresistenz benötigen nur noch 1 oder 2 zusätzliche Mutationen bis zur Ausbildung einer Entecavirresistenz im Gegensatz zu 3 Mutationen bei nicht vorbehandelten Patienten. Zusammenfassend ist Entecavir ein weiterer wichtiger Meilenstein in der Therapie der Hepatitis B.
Abstract
The level of HBV-DNA is a crucial determinant of the progression to liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus the effective suppression of HBV-DNA below the limit of detection of high sensitive assays is a major aim of treatment. This aim will be achieved in almost all patients with current available direct antiviral drugs. However, the development of drug resistance remains a main challenge for the future. Entecavir has a good profile regarding both antiviral efficacy and resistance profile in the treatment of previously untreated patients. After five year on Entecavir more than 90 % of HBe-Ag positive patients had achieved HBV-DNA below 300 copies/ml and resistance developed in only about 1 %. However, patients in whom there had been previous resistance to lamivudine have lower treatment responses and higher resistance rates because only one or two additional mutations in the HBV-polymerase gene are required for the development of entecavir resistance in contrast to three mutations required in treatment naïve patients. In summary, Entecavir adds a new milestone in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
Schlüsselwörter
Hepatitis B - Therapie - HBV-DNA - Entecavir - Resistenz
Keywords
hepatitis B - therapy - HBV-DNA - entecavir - resistance
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Dr. med. Markus Cornberg
Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Hepatologie
und Endokrinologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover
Carl-Neuberg Straße 1
30625 Hannover
Phone: 0511 532 6821
Fax: 0511
532 6820
Email: cornberg.markus@mh-hannover.de