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Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 71(08): 656-663
DOI: 10.1055/a-2028-7955
Original Thoracic

Lung Cancer Resection after Immunochemotherapy Versus Chemotherapy in Oligometastatic Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer

Stefan Sponholz
1   Department of Thoracic Surgery, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Agnes Koch
1   Department of Thoracic Surgery, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Mesut Mese
1   Department of Thoracic Surgery, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Silvan Becker
2   Department of Oncology, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Martin Sebastian
3   Department of Medicine II, Hematology/Oncology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
4   German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Frankfurt/Mainz and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
5   Frankfurt Cancer Institute, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Sebastian Fischer
6   OptiPath, Institution of Pathology, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Stephan Trainer
1   Department of Thoracic Surgery, Agaplesion Markus Krankenhaus Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
,
Waldemar Schreiner
7   Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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Abstract

Background Neoadjuvant immunochemotherapy is currently being tested in pivotal trials for stage I to III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The impact of immunochemotherapy in patients with oligometastatic disease (OMD) remains undefined. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of radical treatment after the neoadjuvant course of immunochemotherapy versus chemotherapy.

Methods We retrospectively analyzed patients with OMD who were treated with immunochemotherapy or chemotherapy combined with local ablation of metastases and radical primary tumor resection between 2017 and 2021. Group A included eight patients with immunochemotherapy; Group B included seven patients with chemotherapy. Descriptive statistical analysis included the characteristics of the patients, tumors, and outcomes.

Results There was no difference in postoperative morbidity rates between the groups (p = 0.626). The 30-day mortality in both groups was 0%. The median overall survival for Group A was not reached, with a median follow-up time of 25 (range: 13–35) months; the median overall survival for Group B was 26 (range: 5–53) months. In Group A, all patients remained alive; in contrast, in Group B, four patients died (p = 0.026). There was no local thoracic recurrence in either group. In Group B, the recurrent disease was identified significantly more often (12.5 vs. 85.75%; p = 0.009). The rates of complete and major pathologic response were 37.5 and 0% in Group A and 42.85 and 14.25% in Group B, respectively.

Conclusion Despite the small patient number and short-term results, the progression-free and overall survival in patients with OMD after local therapy for metastases and primary tumor resection following a neoadjuvant course of immunochemotherapy might be promising compared with chemotherapy.

Keywords

nonsmall cell lung cancer - immunotherapy - immunochemotherapy - neoadjuvant therapy - oligometastatic disease

Note

The paper has been presented at the 139. Deutscher Chirurgenkongress, Leipzig, 06.04.2022




Publication History

Received: 23 December 2022

Accepted: 31 January 2023

Accepted Manuscript online:
06 February 2023

Article published online:
28 March 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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