Schlaf und Schlafstörungen im hohen Lebensalter

Schlaf und Schlafverhalten ändern sich mit zunehmendem Lebensalter. Überlagert werden diese Veränderungen von Komorbiditäten, die ihrerseits den Schlaf beeinflussen. Schlafstörungen sind häufig im höheren Lebensalter und belasten die Betroffenen stark, da sie die Tagesbefindlichkeit und die kognitive und psychische Leistungsfähigkeit beeinträchtigen, die Lebensqualität reduzieren und das Erscheinungsbild geriatrischer Syndrome verändern. Diagnostisch und therapeutisch ist oft ein individualisiertes Vorgehen erforderlich.

Abstract

The increasing interruptions of night sleep with normal ageing must be distinguished from sleep disorders. Somatic and psychiatric morbidity as well as medication have a huge impact on sleep. Furthermore, the relationship between sleep and morbidity is mutual. Disturbed sleep modifies the clinical appearance of diseases and morbidity affects the ability to sleep. Especially in geriatric medicine, geriatric syndromes such as falls, depression or dementia are modified by sleep disorders. Therefore, treatment for sleep disorders offers the chance to improve geriatric syndromes.

When treating, it is important to identify the individual sleep disorders. Coincidences of different sleep disorders are common in the elderly. The history of a patient in connection with a sleeping diary is the basic diagnostic procedure. Sleep medicine provides further technical methods for further examination. Older people should also be examined in a sleep laboratory if the results have consequences that will be accepted by the patient. However, this should be clarified in advance.

Schlüsselwörter

geriatrische Syndrome - Senium - Multimorbidität - Insomnie - Restless-Legs-Syndrom - obstruktives Schlafapnoe-Syndrom - Schlaf-Wach-Rhythmus

Key words

sleep disorders - geriatric syndromes - elderly people - multimorbidity - insomnia - obstructive sleep apnea - restless legs syndrome

Publication History

Article published online:
28 February 2022

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